[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-155247-105":59,"doc-detail-155247-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","adaptive-color-halftoning-for-minimum-perceived-error-using-the-blue-noise-mask","Adaptive color halftoning for minimum perceived error using the blue noise mask","","Color halftoning with conventional screens demands careful angle selection to suppress Moiré artifacts, while Blue Noise Mask (BNM) halftoning avoids both screen-angle choice and Moiré patterns. However, using the same BNM on all color planes fails under small registration errors that create objectionable color shifts. Prior methods used shifting/inverting or mutually exclusive BNMs; this study evaluates those schemes in CIE-LAB, comparing RMS error and variance for luminance and chrominance channels. The work introduces an adaptive algorithm that combines two mutually exclusive BNMs with adaptive processing of remaining planes to reduce colorimetric error while allowing printer-hardware customization.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/adaptive-color-halftoning-for-minimum-perceived-error-using-the-blue-noise-mask/155247/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/adaptive-color-halftoning-for-minimum-perceived-error-using-the-blue-noise-mask/155247.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Quinn","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-08-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why does using a Blue Noise Mask help compared with conventional screen-based color halftoning?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"BNM halftoning uses an unstructured dot arrangement, so conventional screen rotation is unnecessary and Moiré patterns are avoided.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What problem arises when the same BNM is used on all color planes?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A small registration error can cause objectionable color shifts because corresponding color-plane patterns remain too correlated.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the proposed adaptive algorithm reduce color error?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It applies two mutually exclusive BNMs on two different color planes and uses an adaptive scheme on the other planes to reduce colorimetric color reproduction error.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},155247,1787908279,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":24,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":143,"preview_page_count":4},962075114765,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","# Adaptive color halftoning for minimumperceived error using the Blue Noise Mask\n\nQing Yu and Kevin J.Parker  \nDepartment of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Rochester,Rochester,NY 14627  \n## ABSTRACT\n\nColor halftoning using a conventional screen requires careful selection of screen angles to avoid Moiré patterns.An obviousadvantage of halftoning using a Blue Noise Mask(BNM)¹is that there are no conventional screen angle or Moiré patternsproduced.However,a simple strategy of employing the same BNM on all color planes is unacceptablein case where a smallregistration error can cause objectionable color shifts.In a previous paper by Yao and Parker²,strategies were presented forshifting or inverting the BNM as well as using mutually exclusive BNMs for different color planes.In this paper,the aboveschemes will be studied in CIE-LAB color space in terms of root mean square error and variance for luminance channel andchrominance channel respectively.We will demonstrate that the dot-on-dot scheme results in minimum chrominance error,but maximum luminance error and the 4-mask scheme results in minimum luminance error but maximum chrominance eror,while the shift scheme falls in-between.  \nBased on this study,we proposed a new adaptive color halftoning algorithm that takes colorimetric color reproduction intoaccount by applying 2-mutually exclusive BNMs on two different color planes and applying an adaptive scheme on otherplanes to reduce color error.  \nWe will show that by having one adaptive color channel,we obtain increased flexibility to manipulate the output so as toreduce colorimetric error while permitting customization to specific printing hardware.  \nKeywords:Blue Noise Mask,color halftoning,Moiré,CIE-LAB,luminance,chrominance,colorimetric color reproduction.  \n## 1.INTRODUCTION\n\nColor halftoning is the process of generating halftone images for the different color planes,for example,cyan,magenta,yellow and/or black for a printing device.Color image halftoning is significantly more complicated than halftoning agrayscale image.All the qualities required of black and white halftone images apply to color halftone images that arecomposed of multiple color planes,but,in addition,the interactions between color planes must be controlled.In conventionalclustered-dot halftoning,the same screen can be used to halftone the C,M,Y,K planes separately to obtain four halftoneimages.To avoid Moiré patterns when misregistration problems occur,the screen is typically oriented to different anglesbefore being applied to color planes.Recently,one direction of research on color printing is the introduction of more colors toexpand the color gamut.These extra colors must be assigned rotation angles to eliminate Moiré patterns.However,there is alimit to the number of angle selections.Therefore,it can be difficult to apply the conventional color halftoning technique tohi-fi color printing.  \nStochastic halftoning using a Blue Noise Mask(BNM)eliminates this problem.The dots created by a BNM are placed in anunstructured pattern,thus screen rotation is unnecessary in halftoning color images.  \n## 2.HUMAN VISUAL SYSTEM\n\nIt is a well known property of the human visual system that the contrast sensitivity decreases rapidly with increasing spatialfrequency.3,4Thus the minimum threshold above which patterns are visible rises rapidly with increasing spatial frequency.One approach to achieve increased spatial frequency so as to minimize the visibility of color halftone noise is to selectwherever possible low contrast color combinations and to generate the finest possible “mosaic”pattern without large clumpsTherefore,light grey is printed using non-overlapping cyan,magenta,yellow pixels,along with white ones,as opposed toprinting occasional K clusters on a large white background.These issues will be further explored in section 3 where we willgive a brief review of different strategies that have been proposed to color haftoning using BNMs.A color patch will behalf","cbCaiqHa1sQDl2YC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqHa1sQDl2YC","pdf",299707,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Human Visual System\n# Blue Noise Mask Techniques in Color Halftoning\n## The dot-on-dot scheme\n## The shifted mask scheme\n## The inverted mask scheme\n## The four-mask scheme","[{\"question\":\"Why does using a Blue Noise Mask help compared with conventional screen-based color halftoning?\",\"answer\":\"BNM halftoning uses an unstructured dot arrangement, so conventional screen rotation is unnecessary and Moiré patterns are avoided.\"},{\"question\":\"What problem arises when the same BNM is used on all color planes?\",\"answer\":\"A small registration error can cause objectionable color shifts because corresponding color-plane patterns remain too correlated.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the proposed adaptive algorithm reduce color error?\",\"answer\":\"It applies two mutually exclusive BNMs on two different color planes and uses an adaptive scheme on the other planes to reduce colorimetric color reproduction error.\"}]","Adaptive color halftoning for minimum perceived error using the blue noise mask | PDF",13]