[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-25368-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":57,"doc-detail-25368-en":107},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":50,"head_meta":52,"extra_data":54,"updated_unix":56},105,"en","acid-base-balance","Acid Base Balance","","This document provides a comprehensive overview of acid-base balance, a critical physiological concept in healthcare. It details normal physiological values for key indicators such as bicarbonate (HCO3), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), and blood pH, emphasizing the significant impact of even minor alterations in hydrogen ion concentration. The document elaborates on the anion gap, defining its calculation and normal range, and subsequently delves into metabolic acidosis. It distinguishes between high and normal anion gap metabolic acidosis, listing common causes for the former, including lactic acidosis, ketoacidosis, uremic toxins, and poisonings. Management strategies for metabolic acidosis are presented, focusing on treating the underlying cause and administering bicarbonate infusions when direct correction is challenging, recognizing that lactate and ketoacids can be metabolized to bicarbonate. The document then addresses metabolic alkalosis, characterized by high pH and elevated HCO3, with a compensatory rise in PCO2 due to hypoventilation, noting its high mortality rate. Causes such as C.F. are mentioned, along with clinical manifestations like hypokalemia and arrhythmias. Treatment involves intravenous saline with potassium supplements to reverse secondary hyperaldosteronism and facilitate renal excretion of excess alkali. Saline-sensitive metabolic alkalosis with normal or increased volume also requires treating the cause, potentially with potassium and magnesium supplements, or carbonic anhydrase inhibitors like acetazolamide to promote bicarbonate loss in urine, particularly relevant in patients with heart failure. The complex topic of mixed acid-base disorders is introduced, defined as the presence of two or more concurrent acid-base disturbances. The document outlines approaches to diagnosing mixed disorders, including metabolic acidosis with respiratory issues and metabolic alkalosis with respiratory complications, by comparing measured PCO2 with expected values based on bicarbonate levels. The alternative anion gap calculation ((Na+K)-(Cl+HCO3)) and its normal range are also provided.",{"@graph":14,"@context":49},[15,34],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/acid-base-balance/25368",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"author":36,"headline":10,"publisher":39,"fileFormat":42,"description":12,"dateModified":43,"datePublished":43,"encodingFormat":42,"isAccessibleForFree":44,"interactionStatistic":45},"DigitalDocument",{"name":37,"@type":38},"Aurora","Person",{"url":19,"name":40,"@type":41},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-05-07",true,{"@type":46,"interactionType":47,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":48},"ViewAction","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":51,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":40,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":53,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":55,"site_id":7},25368,1778192373,{"code":4,"msg":58,"data":59},"success",[60,64,68,72,77,82,86,91,96,99,103],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":61,"show_sort_weight":62,"slug":63},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":65,"show_sort_weight":66,"slug":67},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":69,"show_sort_weight":70,"slug":71},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":73,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":74,"show_sort_weight":75,"slug":76},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":78,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":79,"show_sort_weight":80,"slug":81},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":83,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":84,"slug":85},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":87,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":92,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":94,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":98},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":100,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":100,"slug":102},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":104,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":73,"slug":106},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":58,"data":108},{"doc_id":55,"user_id":109,"nickname":37,"user_avatar":110,"doc_module":4,"category_id":83,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":11,"file_id":111,"file_url":112,"file_type":113,"file_size":114,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":22,"language":115,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":11,"faqs":11,"seo_title":116,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":56,"read_time":30},4810365810221,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","cbCaigJ67xHqWcaW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigJ67xHqWcaW","pdf",998995,"English","Acid Base Balance | PDF"]