[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-290902-105":59,"doc-detail-290902-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","abstract-reasoning-and-spatial-abilities-among-american-british-and-japanese-adolescents","Abstract Reasoning and Spatial Abilities Among American, British and Japanese Adolescents","","Study examines abstract reasoning and spatial relations abilities in American, British, and Japanese adolescents aged 13–15 using Differential Aptitude Tests. Mean IQs for American and British groups are virtually identical across both abilities, while Japanese adolescents show higher mean scores for abstract reasoning (104.5) and especially spatial ability (114.0). Findings support prior work suggesting Japanese adolescents possess unusually high abstract reasoning and spatial skills, motivating further examination of ability patterns and their cognitive explanations.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/abstract-reasoning-and-spatial-abilities-among-american-british-and-japanese-adolescents/290902/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/abstract-reasoning-and-spatial-abilities-among-american-british-and-japanese-adolescents/290902.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"นรินทร์","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Which groups and age range are included in the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study includes American, British, and Japanese adolescents aged 13–15.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do Japanese adolescents' IQ results compare with American and British adolescents?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"American and British adolescents show virtually identical mean IQs on both abilities, while Japanese adolescents score about 104.5 on abstract reasoning and 114.0 on spatial ability.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What explanation does the paper discuss for conflicting past findings?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The paper proposes that conflicting results can be explained by an unusual pattern of abilities among Japanese adolescents, linked to differences in general intelligence and visuospatial versus verbal strengths.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},290902,1789642930,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},2336475104957,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c4c6bd8a5076e1?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1787554080175789136","# ABSTRACT REASONING AND SPATIAL ABILITIESAMONG AMERICAN,BRITISHANDJAPANESE ADOLESCENTS\n\nRICHARD LYNN and SUSANL.HAMPSONUniversity of Ulster,Coleraine,Northern IrelandSABURO IWAWAKIUniversity of Hyogo,Japan  \nThis study investigates the abstract reasoning and spatial relationsabilities of American,British and Japanese 13-15 year olds with theDifferential Aptitude Tests.The mean IQs of American and Britishadolescents were found to be virtually identical on both abilities,whileJapanese adolescents obtained mean IQs of 104.5 for abstract reasoningand 114.0 for spatial ability.These results confirm previous sudiesshowing that the Japanese have high abstract reasoning ability andunusually high spatial ability.  \nDuring the last decade there has been some interest in theintelligence of the Japanese.It has been claimed by the firstauthor that different samples of Japanese,tested with differ-ent tests,obtain mean IQs in the range of 103-114,and thatthe Japanese have the highest intelligence in the world(Lynn,1977,1987).Some other investigators have published studiesin general agreement with this position,but others have dis-sented.Among those whose work supports this position,Hilger,Klett and Watson(1976)obtained a mean IQ of 138 forJapan-ese children on a drawing test of intelligence,and Misawa,Motegi,Fujita and Hattori(1984)reported a mean of 113 forJapanese children on the Columbia Mental Maturity Scale,anAmerican test of abstract reasoning.On the other hand no over-all difference between Japanese and American children on abattery of intelligence tests was found by Stevenson,Stigler,Lee,Lucker,Kitamura and Hsu(1985).Thus the existing dataexhibit a range of different results which make the presentposition unsatisfactory.  \nIt has been suggested by the first author that the explanationfor these conflicting results lies in the unusual pattern ofabilities among the Japanese (Lynn,1987).It is possible to con-sider the concept of intelligence from two points of view.Onthe one hand,intelligence can be regarded as a single entitywhich determines the level of performance on all cognitive  \nLICENSED TO UNZ.ORGELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED  \nELECTRONIC REPRODUCTION PROHIBITED  \nLICENSED TO UNZ.ORG  \nAbstractSpaceReasoningRelationsSubjects Age Mean SDIQ     MeanSD      IQBoys13   30.0    10.9103.3  27.210.6    105.7Girls13  29.3    11.1102.3  25.39.6    102.7Boys14  33.2    10.2104.1  31.811.9    108.1Girls14   32.4    10.5103.0   28.610.5    103.6Boys15   34.3     9.9102.9   32.811.8    105.5Girls15   33.5    10.2101.8   29.410.4    101.2Al1 Boys103.4106.4Al1 Girls102.4102.5Total Sample102.9104.5  \nTable 1 Mean Scores of British 13-15 Year Oldsand IQs on the American DAT。  \nABSTRACT REASONING AND SPATIAL ABILITIES  \nproblems.This view was advanced early in the century bySpearman(1904),who designated this broad ability as g(gen-eral intelligence)and considered that it was expressed mostclearly in the solution of abstract reasoning problems.This viewis considered by many contemporary psychologists to be sub-stantially correct(e.g.Eysenck,1982;Jensen,1980).  \nHowever,this conceptualization has been subject to somerefinement.It was proposed by Burt(1949)and Vernon (1950)that Spearman's general intelligence(g)could be divided intotwo broad groups of abilities which are generally designated theverbal and the visuospatial abilities.These two groups can them-selves be split into several narrower primary abilities.Thus,theverbal group factor can be split into verbal reasoning,vocabu-lary,verbal memory,word fluency,arithmetical ability andpossibly foreign language ability.Similarly,the visuospatialgroup factor can be split into different kinds of spatial compre-hension and memory.  \nThe division of Spearman's g into the two broad groups ofverbal and visuospatial abilities has been widely accepted as auseful elaboration of Spearman's original thesis.There is con-siderable evidence that the two groups of abilities are repre-sented in different parts","cbCaibMOhZ0uqzPa","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibMOhZ0uqzPa","pdf",439304,11,"English","# Abstract Reasoning and Spatial Abilities Among American, British and Japanese Adolescents\n## Research objective and participants\n## Results and comparison across groups\n## Conceptual background on intelligence (g, verbal and visuospatial)\n## Brain lateralization and applied hypothesis","[{\"question\":\"Which groups and age range are included in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study includes American, British, and Japanese adolescents aged 13–15.\"},{\"question\":\"How do Japanese adolescents' IQ results compare with American and British adolescents?\",\"answer\":\"American and British adolescents show virtually identical mean IQs on both abilities, while Japanese adolescents score about 104.5 on abstract reasoning and 114.0 on spatial ability.\"},{\"question\":\"What explanation does the paper discuss for conflicting past findings?\",\"answer\":\"The paper proposes that conflicting results can be explained by an unusual pattern of abilities among Japanese adolescents, linked to differences in general intelligence and visuospatial versus verbal strengths.\"}]","Abstract Reasoning and Spatial Abilities Among American, British and Japanese Adolescents | PDF",28]