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RNA-Seq and clinical outcome data from TCGA and GEO are analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival statistics, TIMER for tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and ROC analysis to assess prognostic performance. Results link POLB overexpression with intestinal stomach cancer subtypes, altered innate immune signaling, high mutation burden and MSI, and improved prognosis under high immune scores. POLB is proposed as a prognostic marker and immune-therapy target, pending further experimental validation.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/aberrant-dna-polymerase-beta-expression-is-associated-with-dysregulated-tumor-immune-microenvironment-and-its-prognostic-value-in-gastric-cancer/332604/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/aberrant-dna-polymerase-beta-expression-is-associated-with-dysregulated-tumor-immune-microenvironment-and-its-prognostic-value-in-gastric-cancer/332604.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rowan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main objective of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To determine whether POLB overexpression modulates tumor immunogenicity and has prognostic value in gastric cancer.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were tumor immune cell infiltration and immune signaling assessed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Tumor-infiltrating immune cells were estimated using the TIMER algorithm, and immune score–related analyses were performed in conjunction with other computational resources.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What prognostic implications were found for POLB overexpression?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"POLB overexpression was associated with intestinal cancer subtypes, immune-related gene expression patterns, and specific genomic features; tumors with high immune scores showed better prognosis, and ROC results suggested POLB could serve as a prognostic marker.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},332604,1791149092,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},1099514067415,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539d78ffe74a7?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779092875211072502","Clinical and Experimental Medicine (2024) 24:239 [https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-024-01498-7](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10238-024-01498-7)  \nAberrant DNA polymerase beta expression is associated with dysregulated tumor immune microenvironment and its prognostic value in gastric cancer  \nAashirwad Shahi1 · Dawit Kidane1  \nReceived: 22 March 2024 / Accepted: 24 September 2024 / Published online: 14 October 2024 © The Author(s) 2024  \nAbstract  \nBackground Gastric cancer is caused by different exogenous risk factors. Polymerase beta (POLB) is critical to repair oxidative and alkylating-induced DNA damage in genome maintenance. It is unknown whether overexpression of POLB genes in GC modulates tumor immunogenicity and plays a role in its prognostic value.  \nMethods RNA-Seq of GC data retrieved from TCGA and GEO database and patient survival were compared using KaplanMeier statistical test. The TIMER algorithm was used to calculate the abundance of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Furthermore, ROC analysis was applied to evaluate the prognostic value of POLB overexpression.  \nResults Our data analysis of TCGA and GEO gastric cancer genomics datasets reveals that POLB overexpression is significantly associated with intestinal subtypes of stomach cancer. In addition, POLB overexpression is associated with low expression of innate immune signaling genes. In contrast, POLB-overexpressed tumor harbors high mutation frequency and MSI score. Furthermore, POLB-overexpressed tumor with high immune score exhibits a better prognosis. Interestingly, our ROC analysis results suggested that POLB overexpression has a potential for prognostic markers for stomach cancer. Conclusions Our analysis suggests that aberrant POLB overexpression in stomach cancer impacts the diverse aspects of tumor immune microenvironment. In addition, POLB might be a potential prognosis marker and/or an attractive target for immune-based therapy in GC. However, our observation still requires further experimental-based scientific validation studies.  \nIntroduction  \nStomach cancer remains highly prevalent and accounts for a notable proportion of global cancer mortality [1] . A variety of risk factors, including sodium chloride intake, Helicobacter pylori infection and smoking, induce inflammation of gastric tissue and promotes gastric carcinogenesis [2] . Intrinsic or exogenous agents exacerbate reactive oxygen species-related oxidized DNA base lesions and singlestranded DNA breaks (SSBs) that are primarily repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathway [3] . BER is critical for the removal and error-free repair of up to 20,000 endogenous DNA lesions per cell per day [4–6] . Our work and other studies have shown that BER is critical to prevent  \n* Dawit Kidane [dawit.kidane-mulat@howard.edu](dawit.kidane-mulat@howard.edu)  \n1 Department of Physiology & Biophysics, College of Medicine, Howard University, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA  \nspontaneous or exogenous risk factor-induced gastric cancer [7] . Moreover, there are a significant number of genetic germline variant and somatic mutations (30%) in BER genes that are significantly modulate the risk of cancer and treatment response [8–10] . BER expression is deregulated in several types of cancer, which leads to genomic instability, impacting treatment outcomes [11–14]. Moreover, abnormal expression of BER genes in gastric cancer has been reported [15, 16] . Mutations in BER genes can lead to deficient or aberrant repair that subsequently causes cancer-driving chromosomal instability and/or mutations (genomic instability) . POLB belongs to the X-family of a DNA polymerase that participates in BER [17, 18] . POLB not only functions asa DNA polymerase but also catalyzes the excision of the deoxyribose phosphate (5’-dRP) [19] . Several somatic mutations in human cancers have been identified in the PolB gene  \nand characterized their biological significance [10, 20] .  \nWith the establishment of public bioinform","cbCaiiEe2QJSbnVW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiEe2QJSbnVW","pdf",2459073,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Methods\n## Data acquisition\n## Exclusion and inclusion criteria","[{\"question\":\"What is the main objective of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To determine whether POLB overexpression modulates tumor immunogenicity and has prognostic value in gastric cancer.\"},{\"question\":\"How were tumor immune cell infiltration and immune signaling assessed?\",\"answer\":\"Tumor-infiltrating immune cells were estimated using the TIMER algorithm, and immune score–related analyses were performed in conjunction with other computational resources.\"},{\"question\":\"What prognostic implications were found for POLB overexpression?\",\"answer\":\"POLB overexpression was associated with intestinal cancer subtypes, immune-related gene expression patterns, and specific genomic features; tumors with high immune scores showed better prognosis, and ROC results suggested POLB could serve as a prognostic marker.\"}]","Aberrant DNA polymerase beta expression is associated with dysregulated tumor immune microenvironment and its prognostic value in gastric cancer | PDF",1789998887,25]