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To lower costs of purchasing and maintaining skeletons and models while enabling practice beyond lab time, interactive web-based CAL modules were developed for comparative vertebrate anatomy using readily available skulls, an open source image editor, and simple text tools.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-web-based-computer-aided-learning-module-for-an-anatomy-course-using-open-source-image-mapping-software-read-online-free/594513/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-web-based-computer-aided-learning-module-for-an-anatomy-course-using-open-source-image-mapping-software-read-online-free/594513.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aldword","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-17","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the web-based CAL module aim to solve?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It reduces the high costs of buying and maintaining expensive anatomical models, skeletons, and (for dissections) preserved cadavers, while supporting study outside scheduled lab time.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How are the CAL modules implemented technically?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"They use HTML image mapping with JavaScript to provide real-time mouse-based identification, with pointer-over highlighting and label display for selected bones and landmarks.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do students access learning materials and practice quizzes?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Modules and practice quizzes are delivered through the institution’s learning management system (LMS), enabling 24-hour access to images and quizzes.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},594513,1792232050,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},2336478940917,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","A Web-based Computer-aided Learning Module for an Anatomy Course Using Open Source Image Mapping Software  \nReneė E. Carleton  \nSchool of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Berry College,2277 Martha Berry Highway, Mount Berry,  \nGA 30149  \nCorresponding Author: [rcarleton@berry.edu](rcarleton@berry.edu)  \nAbstract: Computer-aided learning (CAL) is used increasingly to teach anatomy in post-secondary programs. Studies show that augmentation of traditional cadaver dissection and model examination by CAL can be associated with positive student learning outcomes. In order to reduce costs associated with the purchase of skeletons and models and to encourage study outside of the laboratory period, interactive web-based CAL modules were developed for a comparative vertebrate anatomy course using skulls on hand, an open source image editor, and a simple text editor. Each module featured images of an animal skull in four orientations and allowed the user to identify individual bones and bony landmarks with a mouse. Study modules and practice quizzes were made available to students through the institution's learning management system for 24-hour access.  \nKey words: anatomy, computer-aided, dissection, interactive, web-based  \nINTRODUCTION  \nAnatomy courses are commonly offered in postsecondary education programs and may serve as an elective toward fulfillment of degree requirements, be required for admission into a profession program, orbe required as part of graduate or professional program curricula. At some undergraduate institutions, both human anatomy and comparative vertebrate anatomy are offered as separate courses within the same academic department.  \nThe laboratory portion of anatomy courses is traditionally focused on dissection of preserved animal cadavers and examination of mounted skeletons and/or anatomical models. Models and skeletons used in these laboratories are quite expensive; for example, recent list prices from a biological supply catalog for a single mounted carp (fish) and dog skeleton were $579.00 and $939.00 respectively. Skulls are slightly less costly; the same catalog listed a rabbit skull at $215.00 and a cow skull at $562.00. The costs of procuring nonexpendable specimens for a new course can be beyond budget limitations. For example, the purchase of seven rabbit skulls for a class with an enrollment of fourteen students (one skull per pair of students) would require an initial investment of $1,505 .00, excluding shipping costs. For labs featuring dissection, additional costs are associated with the use of preserved cadavers. Not only is there a cost to purchase and store the cadavers for the term, but also a significant cost for disposal. With strained course budgets, anatomy instructors may be faced with the decision of whether or not to replace old models or even include dissection as part of the curriculum (Winkelmann, 2007) .  \nOne alternative for reducing the use of preserved materials or models is computer-aided learning  \n(CAL) (Paalman, 2000) . The use of CAL ranges widely from teaching human reproductive anatomy to elementary school students (Dalton et al., 1989), to teaching basic veterinary anatomy (Khalil et al., 2005) and complex segmental liver anatomy for radiology residents (Kuszyk et al., 1997) . In addition to reducing the costs of materials, CAL provides instructors greater flexibility in dissemination of material and students with increased opportunities for learning (Paalman, 2000) . Computer-aided learning appears to be as effective as traditional dissection in learning anatomy (Bukowski, 2002; Khalil et al., 2010; Hopkins et al., 2011) . In some cases, CAL used with traditional methods has produced positive learning outcomes (Elizondo-Omaña et al. 2004) . McNulty and colleagues (2004) found that as use of CAL increased so did medical students' anatomy exam scores. Studies also report that students readily and positively accept CAL (Allen et al., 2008; Khalilet al., 2010) .  \nI was","cbCaioNSINBjobr0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioNSINBjobr0","pdf",87527,"English","# Introduction\n# Methods","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the web-based CAL module aim to solve?\",\"answer\":\"It reduces the high costs of buying and maintaining expensive anatomical models, skeletons, and (for dissections) preserved cadavers, while supporting study outside scheduled lab time.\"},{\"question\":\"How are the CAL modules implemented technically?\",\"answer\":\"They use HTML image mapping with JavaScript to provide real-time mouse-based identification, with pointer-over highlighting and label display for selected bones and landmarks.\"},{\"question\":\"How do students access learning materials and practice quizzes?\",\"answer\":\"Modules and practice quizzes are delivered through the institution’s learning management system (LMS), enabling 24-hour access to images and quizzes.\"}]","A Web-based Computer-aided Learning Module for an Anatomy Course Using Open Source Image Mapping Software - read online free | PDF",1792079290,15]