[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-601459-105":59,"doc-detail-601459-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","a-study-on-designers-attitude-for-open-innovation-in-turkey","A Study on Designers’ Attitude for Open Innovation in Turkey","","Explores how design education resources and shared problem-solving approaches may shape designers’ open-innovation tendencies. Uses semi-structured interviews with 20 designers who have experience with both in-house roles and freelancers to build an empirical case study. Analyzes interview findings thematically and discusses how designers’ behaviors and practices in project courses relate to open innovation, offering insight into innovation habits and information-sharing behaviors.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-study-on-designers-attitude-for-open-innovation-in-turkey/601459/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-study-on-designers-attitude-for-open-innovation-in-turkey/601459.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"hdkawk","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the study investigate about designers?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It investigates whether designers’ behaviors and practices in design project courses relate to their open innovation tendencies.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the case study conducted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 designers, using purposive sampling based on their experience with both in-house designers and freelancers.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How are the results analyzed and discussed?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Interview results are analyzed thematically and discussed under open innovation practices.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},601459,1792211454,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747859855,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","A Study on Designers’ Attitude for Open Innovation in Turkey  \nIlgım Eroğlu, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, İstanbul, Turkey Deniz Ekmekçioğlu, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey  \nAbstract  \nIn design education, students benefit not only from their project courses’ content but also from the information resources they contain. When it comes to the repetition of unique problems and solution-oriented approaches in the design professions, the resources used to research solutions for the problems encountered in design education are also specific to that problem. This situation highlights resource diversity, and especially resource sharing, at various stages and thus opens a view into innovation habits among designers’ behaviors. This empirical study explores whether or not designers’ behaviors can be related to their practices in design project courses, regarding their open innovation tendencies. Semi-structured interviews with 20 designers are used to form a case study. Interviewees had experience with both in-house designers and freelancers, therefore purposive sampling was used. The results were analyzed thematically and discussed under open innovation practices.  \nKeywords  \nIndustrial Design, Industrial Design Education, Open Innovation  \nBackground  \nDesign has recently been recognized as a trigger of innovation, as opposed to being considered only one stage of a larger process. Its relevance in managerial processes has been discussed in the literature. As open innovation may be considered both an innovation strategy and a management style, its relationship with design is also discussed in the literature.  \nOpen innovation mainly refers to opening the innovation process to cooperation with others, as opposed to the formerly closed practices where the ideas are solely built within companies (Huizingh, 2011) . Open innovation requires interaction and information sharing with others; Enkel [et. al. summarize](et. al. summarize) possible information transfers in three groups. Where the outside-in process refers to bringing information from other companies, the inside-out process refers to sharing ideas with others and the coupled process is a combination of both through alliancesand cooperation (Enkel [et. al](et. al), 2009) .  \nMany studies that explore design’s assistance with innovation and management focus on its potential to facilitate the abilities needed to solve so-called “wicked problems” and to create a basis for novelty (Cooper et al., 2009; Johansson‐Sköldberg et al., 2013; Lockwood, 2009; Verganti, 2009) . Design education has the potential to facilitate individuals’ managerial capabilities, therefore some have argued that a more holistic understanding of the application of designers’ capabilities can be applied to the topic (Boyarski, 1998; Buchanan, 2004; Owen, 1990) . Buchanan (2001) stresses that the skills and knowledge bases of designers originate from various disciplines, so that they may act as supporters and implementers of managerial  \nactivities and innovation strategies. Studies that evaluate design as a source of innovation have suggested that design is a factor that should be considered as an element of its own when creating novel ideas, as it is just as effective as technology for facilitating innovation (Norman & Verganti, 2014; Verganti, 2009) .  \nWhen observing the evolution of innovation processes, Rothwell (1994) argues that innovation becomes increasingly integrated into industrial environments and potential buyers through networks. By developing information technologies, buyers and users become more integrated into the process, addressing innovation strategies that are suggested in design thinking (Brown, 2008) . The tendency in innovation practices to be more open through networks and the inclusion of customers in the process may also address the tendency of using design and design-related practices in the same, as discussed in the literature (Acha, 2008; Christiansen et al., 2013) . ","cbCaintXAsBCx8IX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaintXAsBCx8IX","pdf",916992,21,"English","# Abstract\n# Background\n## Open Innovation Concepts\n## Design’s Role in Innovation\n## Innovation Processes and Openness\n## Competencies and Design Education\n# Study Aim and Method","[{\"question\":\"What does the study investigate about designers?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates whether designers’ behaviors and practices in design project courses relate to their open innovation tendencies.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the case study conducted?\",\"answer\":\"Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 designers, using purposive sampling based on their experience with both in-house designers and freelancers.\"},{\"question\":\"How are the results analyzed and discussed?\",\"answer\":\"Interview results are analyzed thematically and discussed under open innovation practices.\"}]","A Study on Designers’ Attitude for Open Innovation in Turkey | PDF",1792092651,53]