[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-45404-en":3,"doc-seo-45404-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},45404,687197100911,"Himbo","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1782698725881665579",8,"Research & Report","A Study Of History Volume 1","A Study of History, Volume I, presents Arnold J. Toynbee’s framework for understanding civilizations through a structured plan covering introduction, genesis, growth, breakdown, disintegration, and major themes such as universal states and churches, heroic ages, and inter-civilizational contacts in space and time. The volume situates its work within the Royal Institute of International Affairs’ non-political research mission and outlines how earlier lecture material informed publication. Prefaces to the first and second editions address printer’s errors, author revisions, and planned development of later parts.","p  \nBIRLA CENTRAL LIBRARYPILANI Rnjanthun)  \n900  \nCiass No:  \nBook No:T674S  \n)ccesslon No.500L  \n步  \n+   +    ,  \nShis book has been  \ngraciously presented ly  \nSeth G.D.Birla  \n# A STUDY OFHISTORY\n\nThe Royal Institute of International Affairs isan unofficial and non-political body,founded inI920 to encourage and facilitate the scientificstudy of international questions.  \nThe Institute,as such,is precluded by itsrules from expressing an opinion on any aspect ofinternational affairs;opimions expressed in thisbook are,therefore,purely individual  \nA STUDY OFHISTOR Y  \nBY  \nARNOLD J.TOYNBEE  \nHoN.D.LITT.OxoN.AND BIRMINGHAMHon.LL.D.PRINCETON,F.B.A.  \nDirector of Studies in the Royal Instituteof International Afairs  \nResearch Professor of International Historyin the University of London  \n(both on the Sir Daniel Stevenson Foundation)  \n'Work...while it is day...'JOHN 1X.4  \n'Nox ruit,Aenea...'  \nAENEID VI.539  \n'Thought shall be the harder,Heart the keener,Mood shall be the more,As our might lessens.'THE LAY OF THE BATTLE OF MALDON  \n# VOLUME I\n\nIssued under the auspices of the Royal Instituteof International Affairs  \nOXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESSLONDON NEW YORK TORONTO  \nOxford University Press,Amen House,London E.C.4  \nEDDNBURGH OLABOOw NEW YORK TORONTO MELBOURNEWELLINOTON BOMBAY CALCUTTA MADRA5 CAPE TOWN  \nGeoffrey Cumberlege,Publisher to the University  \nFIRST EDITION1934SECOND EDITION 1935SECOND IMPRESSION 1930THIRD IMPRESSION 1945FOURTH IMPRESSION 1948  \nTHE PLAN OF THE BOOK  \nI.INTRODUCTION  \nII.THE GENESES OF CIVILIZATIONS  \nIII.THE GROWTHS OF CIVILIZATIONS  \nIV.THE BREAKDOWNS OF CIVILIZATIONS  \nV.THE DISINTEGRATIONS OF CIVILIZATIONS  \nVI.UNIVERSAL STATES  \nVIi.UNIVERSAL CHURCHES  \nVIII.HEROIC AGES  \nIX.CONTACTS BETWEEN CIVILIZATIONS IN SPACE(_  \nX.CONTACTS BETWEEN CIVILIZATIONS IN TIME  \nXI.RHYTHMS IN THE HISTORIES OF CIVILIZATIONS  \nXII.THE PROSPECTS OF THE WESTERN CIVILIZATION  \nXIII.THE INSPIRATIONS OF HISTORIANS  \nThe sum and substance of a considerable part of the firstthree volumes of this book was presented orally,beforepublication,in troo different courses of lectures which weredelivered on the invitation of tvoofoundations in the UnitedStates:the Lowell Institute at Boston,Mass.,and the Nor-man Wait Harris Foundation at Northzvestern University,Evanston,IL.The course of Lowell Lectures,delivered inOctober,I933,covered the ground of Parts I.A,I.B,II.CII(a),II.CII(b),III.A,III.B,III.CI,III.C(a).The course of Norman Wait Harris Lectures,delivered inNovember,I933,covered the ground of Parts I.A and B,II.Cπ,III.B,III.CI,III.Cπ(a),III.CI(b).Theauthor is glad to take this opportunity to express his appre-ciation of these invitations from the Norman Wait HarrisFoundation and the Lovell Institute,and his gratitude forthe courtesy and hospitality toith which he was received inEvanston and in Boston zwhile the lectures were being given.  \n# PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION\n\nD'URING the six months that have passed since the publicationof the first edition of these first three volumes of the book,anumber of readers have been so kind as to draw the writer's atten-tion to certain printer's errors and author's mistakes,besides com-municating tohim their observations and criticisms on generalques-tions of presentation,proportion,and principle.The definite errorsand mistakes of which the writer has been made aware in this wayhave been corrected in this second edition(though,no doubt,thereare others which have remained undetected by the writer and hisfriends).As for the general criticisms,the writer has not attemptedto deal with these in this new edition of Volumes I-III,partlybecause that would have meant virtually rewriting certain passages,and partly because the writer feels that he can probably do greaterjustice to the suggestions which his critics have made by takingaccount of them in later parts of the book which are still in processof being written,than by recasting those parts that have already sethard in print.  \nFor the rest,t","cbCaiq3XP27WC0U5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiq3XP27WC0U5","pdf",46921201,2,1,508,"English","en",105,"# The Plan of the Book\n## Introduction\n## The Geneses of Civilizations\n## The Growths of Civilizations\n## The Breakdowns of Civilizations\n## The Disintegrations of Civilizations\n## Universal States\n## Universal Churches\n## Heroic Ages\n## Contacts Between Civilizations in Space\n## Contacts Between Civilizations in Time\n## Rhythms in the Histories of Civilizations\n## The Prospects of the Western Civilization\n## The Inspirations of Historians\n# Prefaces\n## Preface to the First Edition\n## Preface to the Second Edition","[{\"question\":\"What is the overall structure of A Study of History in Volume I?\",\"answer\":\"Volume I follows a defined plan with thirteen parts, starting from an introduction and covering the genesis, growth, breakdown, and disintegration of civilizations, as well as universal states, universal churches, heroic ages, and contacts between civilizations in space and time.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the Royal Institute of International Affairs avoid expressing opinions in this context?\",\"answer\":\"The Institute’s rules preclude it from expressing opinions on international affairs, so views expressed in the book are presented as purely individual.\"},{\"question\":\"What revisions and reasons are discussed in the preface to the second edition?\",\"answer\":\"The preface notes corrections of printer’s errors and the author’s mistakes, while general presentation criticisms are not fully addressed by rewriting earlier parts; instead, suggestions are intended to be incorporated into later parts of the 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