[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-601290-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":80,"doc-detail-601290-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","a-review-of-empirical-research-on-transformational-school-leadership-in-china-2010-2019","A Review of Empirical Research on Transformational School Leadership in China - 2010-2019","","A literature review examines the effectiveness of transformational school leadership (TSL) in Chinese K–12 settings from 2010 to 2019, aiming to clarify what existing TSL research in China shows and where future work should go. Vote counting and narrative synthesis are used, revealing that most studies are quantitative and that qualitative and mixed-method approaches should be strengthened. Twelve outcome variables are identified, with significant direct and indirect effects across them.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-review-of-empirical-research-on-transformational-school-leadership-in-china-2010-2019/601290/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-review-of-empirical-research-on-transformational-school-leadership-in-china-2010-2019/601290.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"hdkawk","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":33},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What is the purpose of this literature review?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"It investigates the effectiveness of transformational school leadership (TSL) in Chinese K–12 settings between 2010 and 2019 and aims to outline future research directions.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How were studies synthesized in this review?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"The review applied the vote counting method and narrative synthesis to evaluate and summarize findings.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What do the results suggest about the types of studies and research methods?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"Most included studies are quantitative, indicating a need to encourage more qualitative and mixed-method studies.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},601290,1792735212,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":33,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747859855,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","A Review of Empirical Research on Transformational School Leadership in China (2010–2019)  \nYanzheng Li (李艳征)  \nUniversity of South Florida  \nECNU Review of Education  \n2022, Vol. 5(1) 156–184  \nª The Author(s) 2020 Article reuse guidelines:  \n[sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/2096531120942242](DOI: 10.1177/2096531120942242)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/2096531120942242)[journals.sagepub.com/home/roe](journals.sagepub.com/home/roe)  \nAbstract  \nPurpose: The purpose of this literature review is to investigate the effectiveness of transformational school leadership (TSL) in Chinese K–12 settings between 2010 and 2019. The main objective is to provide a comprehensive understanding of TSL research in China and identify the possible future research directions.  \nDesign/Approach/Methods: Vote counting method and narrative synthesis were applied in this review.  \nFindings: This review found the majority of the studies were quantitative, which indicates that qualitative and mixed-method studies should be encouraged. This review also identified 12 major outcome variables, including 9 teacher-level variables, 2 school-level variables, and 1 student-level variable. Additionally, the effects of transformational leadership on these outcome variables were uniformly significant, including both direct and indirect effects. Future studies should expand the scope of school-level and student-level outcome variables, but particularly student-level outcome variables.  \nOriginality/Value: This is the first systematic review on the effectiveness of TSL research in China, which included both English and Chinese studies.  \nCorresponding author:  \nYanzheng Li, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. Email: [yanzheng@usf.edu](yanzheng@usf.edu)  \nCreative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative  \nCommons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ([https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage](https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage)).  \nKeywords  \nChina, literature review, transformational school leadership  \nDate received: 21 December 2019; revised: 14 May 2020, 20 May 2020; accepted: 22 June 2020  \nIntroduction  \nLeadership styles of school principals are of considerable interest to education researchers. According to Heck and Hallinger (1999), prior to the 1980s, research on school principals mainly focused on the nature of the position and work. Accompanied by the rise of the educational accountability in the late 1970s, the research trend shifted to the role principals play in school improvement. Research found both direct and indirect effects of principals on a variety of variables, including school processes and outcomes, teacher-related variables, and student achievement.  \nAmong the school principal leadership models, which have emerged over the past three decades, transformational leadership has been an overwhelmingly popular image of best practices (Hallinger, 2003) . As a whole, transformational leadership has proven to be effective in various aspects, though to different extents (i.e., Berkovich & Eyal, 2017; Griffith, 2004; Leithwood & Beatty, 2007; Leithwood et al., 1994; Leithwood & Janzti, 1999) . For example, J. Sun and Leithwood’s (2012) meta-analytic review found all of the transformational school leadership (TSL) practices had at least moderate effects on school conditions as well as teacher internal states and behaviors. The effects of individual TSL practices on student achievement were small, although significant and positive. Nevertheless, most research on TSL has been c","cbCaiveOcdYha9s4","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiveOcdYha9s4","pdf",534081,29,"English","# Abstract\n## Purpose\n## Design/Approach/Methods\n## Findings\n## Originality/Value\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of this literature review?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates the effectiveness of transformational school leadership (TSL) in Chinese K–12 settings between 2010 and 2019 and aims to outline future research directions.\"},{\"question\":\"How were studies synthesized in this review?\",\"answer\":\"The review applied the vote counting method and narrative synthesis to evaluate and summarize findings.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the results suggest about the types of studies and research methods?\",\"answer\":\"Most included studies are quantitative, indicating a need to encourage more qualitative and mixed-method studies.\"}]","A Review of Empirical Research on Transformational School Leadership in China - 2010-2019 | PDF",1792092338,73]