[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-328251-105":59,"doc-detail-328251-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","a-review-of-car-t-combination-therapies-for-treatment-of-gynecological-cancers","A Review of CAR-T Combination Therapies for Treatment of Gynecological Cancers","","CAR-T cell therapy provides a promising route to prolonged cancer remission, yet its effectiveness in solid tumors remains constrained. This review examines challenges and strategies for applying CAR-T to gynecological cancers, focusing on mechanisms that limit responses such as T cell exhaustion, stromal barriers, and antigen shedding. It evaluates combination approaches intended to improve efficacy, including pairing CAR-T with checkpoint inhibitors or chemotherapy, and explores oncolytic virotherapy as a newer synergistic option.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-review-of-car-t-combination-therapies-for-treatment-of-gynecological-cancers/328251/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-review-of-car-t-combination-therapies-for-treatment-of-gynecological-cancers/328251.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Maeve","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is CAR-T therapy still difficult to apply to solid tumors?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Because solid tumors often cause rapid T cell exhaustion, limit T cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment, enable immune evasion, and rewire the microenvironment to support tumor growth.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which combination strategies are discussed to improve CAR-T efficacy in gynecological cancers?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The review highlights combination therapies with checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy, and also considers oncolytic virotherapy paired with CAR-T.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What is the role of oncolytic viruses in the proposed CAR-T combinations?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Oncolytic viruses are designed to selectively infect and replicate in tumor cells, destroying them; combined with CAR-T, they are intended to produce synergistic enhancement of treatment efficacy.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},328251,1790013145,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},5909877438554,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/5600025385ad2bf12a7?_k=1778553567797529272","Review  \nA Review of CAR-T Combination Therapies for Treatment of Gynecological Cancers  \nValentina Olifirenko  and Nikolai A. Barlev *  \nCitation: Olifirenko, V.; Barlev, N.A. A Review of CAR-T Combination Therapies for Treatment of Gynecological Cancers. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 6595. [https://doi.org/](https://doi.org/)[ ](https://doi.org/)[10.3390/ijms25126595](10.3390/ijms25126595)  \nAcademic Editor: Giovanni Tossetta  \nReceived: 19 April 2024  \nRevised: 24 May 2024  \nAccepted: 30 May 2024  \nPublished: 15 June 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \nDepartment of Biomedical Studies, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; [valentina.olifirenko@nu.edu.kz](valentina.olifirenko@nu.edu.kz)  \n* [Correspondence: nikolai.barlev@nu.edu.kz](Correspondence: nikolai.barlev@nu.edu.kz)  \nAbstract: CAR-T cell therapy offers a promising way for prolonged cancer remission, specifically in the case of blood cancers. However, its application in the treatment of solid tumors still faces many limitations. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges and strategies associated with CAR-T cell therapy for solid tumors, with a focus on gynecological cancer. This study discusses the limitations of CAR-T therapy for solid tumor treatment, such as T cell exhaustion, stromal barrier, and antigen shedding. Additionally, it addresses possible approaches to increase CAR-T efficacy in solid tumors, including combination therapies with checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy, as well as the novel approach of combining CAR-T with oncolytic virotherapy. Given the lack of comprehensive research on CAR-T combination therapies for treating gynecological cancers, this review aims to provide insights into the current landscape of combination therapies for solid tumors and highlight the potential of such an approach in gynecology.  \nKeywords: gynecological cancer; CAR-T; immunotherapy; chemotherapy; p53  \n1. Introduction  \nGynecological cancers, including ovarian, cervical, and uterine cancers, remain oneof the significant causes of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. Although there has been major progress in conventional treatment methods, including surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiation, the majority of patients diagnosed with advanced or refractory gynecological cancers have a poor prognosis. Development of the resistance to chemotherapy and heterogeneity of gynecological tumors are one of the major challenges in the treatment of such tumors [1,2] . In recent years, there has been growing interest in developing novel immunotherapy approaches to overcome these obstacles in treating gynecological cancers.  \nCAR-T cell therapy is among the most promising immunotherapeutic strategies reported in recent years. CAR-T is a method of modifying a patient’s own T cells to express chimeric antigen receptors, designed to recognize specific antigens expressed on the surface of tumor cells. Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) include an antigen-binding domain, T cell receptor (TCR) signaling domains, and various co-stimulatory molecules [3] . Due to the modular nature of cell surface signaling proteins, protein engineering allows for the combination of different extracellular targeting domains and internal signal transduction domains. This feature allows for higher specificity of tumor targeting. CAR-T therapy has already shown promising results in treating blood cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma. Clinical trials of CAR-T cell therapy showed significant remission rates and the possibility for long-term remission. A phase 2 Elara trial of the first FDA-approved CAR-T thera","cbCaikRBuqrCnGwV","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikRBuqrCnGwV","pdf",1321646,13,"English","# 1. Introduction\n# 2. Challenges of Using CAR-T Therapy for Solid Tumors","[{\"question\":\"Why is CAR-T therapy still difficult to apply to solid tumors?\",\"answer\":\"Because solid tumors often cause rapid T cell exhaustion, limit T cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment, enable immune evasion, and rewire the microenvironment to support tumor growth.\"},{\"question\":\"Which combination strategies are discussed to improve CAR-T efficacy in gynecological cancers?\",\"answer\":\"The review highlights combination therapies with checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy, and also considers oncolytic virotherapy paired with CAR-T.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the role of oncolytic viruses in the proposed CAR-T combinations?\",\"answer\":\"Oncolytic viruses are designed to selectively infect and replicate in tumor cells, destroying them; combined with CAR-T, they are intended to produce synergistic enhancement of treatment efficacy.\"}]","A Review of CAR-T Combination Therapies for Treatment of Gynecological Cancers | PDF",1789979050,33]