[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-detail-342731-en":59,"doc-seo-342731-105":81},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":60},{"doc_id":61,"user_id":62,"nickname":63,"user_avatar":64,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":66,"doc_content":67,"file_id":68,"file_url":69,"file_type":70,"file_size":71,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":72,"language":73,"language_code":74,"site_id":75,"html_lang":74,"table_of_contents":76,"faqs":77,"seo_title":78,"seo_description":66,"update_tm":79,"read_time":80},342731,3848291630094,"Emma Wilson","https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","A Retrospective Review and Comprehensive Tumour Profiling of Advanced Non-Melanomatous Cutaneous Spindle Cell Neoplasms Treated with Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors","Non-melanomatous cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms are rare malignancies with diagnostic difficulty and limited consensus for advanced management, alongside scarce reported immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) responses. This single-center retrospective review evaluated all advanced cases treated with ICIs, with blinded histopathology review confirming diagnoses. Comprehensive tumour profiling combined whole exome sequencing for tumour mutational burden and ultraviolet signatures, plus immune profiling by immunohistochemistry. Seven patients showed a high 86% objective response rate, including five complete responses, with durable disease control and high TMB/UV biomarkers.","cancers   \nArticle  \nA Retrospective Review and Comprehensive Tumour Profiling of Advanced Non-Melanomatous Cutaneous Spindle Cell Neoplasms Treated with Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors  \nLuke S. McLean 1,2, Annette M. Lim 1,2, Christopher Angel 3, Richard J. Young 4, Angela Pizzolla 4, Stuart Archer 5, Benjamin J. Solomon 1,2, Alesha A. Thai 1,2, Jeremy Lewin 1,2 and Danny Rischin 1,2, *  \nCitation: McLean, L.S.; Lim, A.M.; Angel, C.; Young, R.J.; Pizzolla, A.; Archer, S.; Solomon, B.J.; Thai, A.A.; Lewin, J.; Rischin, D. A Retrospective Review and Comprehensive Tumour Profiling of Advanced NonMelanomatous Cutaneous Spindle Cell Neoplasms Treated with Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors. Cancers 2024, 16, 1452. [https://](https://)[ ](https://)[doi.org/10.3390/cancers16081452](doi.org/10.3390/cancers16081452)  \n[Academic Editor:](Academic Editor:) 􀂁ngele Juarranz  \nReceived: 25 January 2024  \nRevised: 27 February 2024  \nAccepted: 27 February 2024  \nPublished: 10 April 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; [lukes.mclean@petermac.org](lukes.mclean@petermac.org) (L.S.M.)  \n2 Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia  \n3 Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia  \n4 Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia  \n5 Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia  \n* Correspondence: [rischind@unimelb.edu.au](rischind@unimelb.edu.au)  \nSimple Summary: Non-melanomatous cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms comprise a rare group of tumours, and in the advanced disease setting, a consensus on treatment approaches is lacking. These tumours are more common with age and have a propensity to develop in chronic ultraviolet (UV)-exposed sites. High response rates have been seen with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in other UV-driven tumours such as cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, yet these tumours have historically been excluded from the key clinical trials of immunotherapy. Patients with advanced nonmelanomatous cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms have traditionally been offered chemotherapy for which response rates are variable and short-lived. Due to the impressive and durable response rates seen in our cohort of patients, clinicians should consider the use of ICIs in this heterogenous group of tumours. UV signatures and tumour mutational burden, if available, could serve as important biomarkers in the selection of patients for treatment with ICIs.  \nAbstract: Non-melanomatous cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms are a rare group of malignancies that present a diagnostic challenge, and for which there is a lack of consensus on how to best manage patients with advanced disease and only limited reports of immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) responses. In this study, we performed a single-center retrospective review of treatment outcomes for all advanced non-melanomatous cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms treated with ICIs. Blinded histopathology reviews occurred to confirm each diagnosis. Comprehensive tumour profiling included whole exome sequencing for tumour mutational burden (TMB) and ultraviolet(UV) signatures, and immunohistochemistry for immune-cell infiltration (CD4/CD3/CD8/CD103/CD20) and immune-checkpoint expression (PD-L1/LAG3/TIGIT) . Seven patients were identified. The objective response rate was 86%(6/7) with five complete responses (CR) . Responses were durable with two patients in CR > 30 months after ICI commencement. All patients had high TMB and UV signatures. One patient had","cbCaisK2y6cnSgux","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisK2y6cnSgux","pdf",1498113,15,"English","en",105,"# Simple Summary\n# Abstract\n# Keywords\n# 1. Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What was the study design and patient group evaluated?\",\"answer\":\"The study was a single-center retrospective review of treatment outcomes for all advanced non-melanomatous cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Seven patients were identified.\"},{\"question\":\"How were diagnoses confirmed in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Blinded histopathology reviews were performed to confirm each diagnosis.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main efficacy and biomarker findings?\",\"answer\":\"The objective response rate was 86% (6/7) with five complete responses, and responses were durable in some patients. All patients had high tumour mutational burden and ultraviolet signatures, and one case showed marked PD-L1 positivity with immune-cell infiltration and LAG3 expression.\"}]","A Retrospective Review and Comprehensive Tumour Profiling of Advanced Non-Melanomatous Cutaneous Spindle Cell Neoplasms Treated with Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors | PDF",1790047929,38,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"ok",{"site_id":75,"language":74,"slug":84,"title":65,"keywords":85,"description":66,"schema_data":86,"social_meta":139,"head_meta":141,"extra_data":143,"updated_unix":144},"a-retrospective-review-and-comprehensive-tumour-profiling-of-advanced-non-melanomatous-cutaneous-spindle-cell-neoplasms-treated-with-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors","",{"@graph":87,"@context":138},[88,102,121],{"@type":89,"itemListElement":90},"BreadcrumbList",[91,95,97,100],{"item":92,"name":93,"@type":94,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":96,"name":9,"@type":94,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":98,"name":35,"@type":94,"position":99},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":101,"name":65,"@type":94,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-retrospective-review-and-comprehensive-tumour-profiling-of-advanced-non-melanomatous-cutaneous-spindle-cell-neoplasms-treated-with-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors/342731/",{"url":101,"name":65,"@type":103,"image":104,"author":109,"headline":65,"publisher":111,"fileFormat":114,"inLanguage":74,"description":66,"dateModified":115,"datePublished":115,"encodingFormat":114,"isAccessibleForFree":116,"interactionStatistic":117},"DigitalDocument",{"url":105,"@type":106,"width":107,"height":108},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-retrospective-review-and-comprehensive-tumour-profiling-of-advanced-non-melanomatous-cutaneous-spindle-cell-neoplasms-treated-with-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors/342731.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":63,"@type":110},"Person",{"url":92,"name":112,"@type":113},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":118,"interactionType":119,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":120},"ViewAction",{"@type":122,"mainEntity":123},"FAQPage",[124,130,134],{"name":125,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":127},"What was the study design and patient group evaluated?","Question",{"text":128,"@type":129},"The study was a single-center retrospective review of treatment outcomes for all advanced non-melanomatous cutaneous spindle cell neoplasms treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Seven patients were identified.","Answer",{"name":131,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":132},"How were diagnoses confirmed in the study?",{"text":133,"@type":129},"Blinded histopathology reviews were performed to confirm each diagnosis.",{"name":135,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":136},"What were the main efficacy and biomarker findings?",{"text":137,"@type":129},"The objective response rate was 86% (6/7) with five complete responses, and responses were durable in some patients. All patients had high tumour mutational burden and ultraviolet signatures, and one case showed marked PD-L1 positivity with immune-cell infiltration and LAG3 expression.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":101,"og:type":140,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":112,"og:description":66},"article",{"robots":142,"canonical":101},"index,follow",{"doc_id":61,"site_id":75},1790094201]