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The patient cat contacted clinic spaces and personnel linked to a respiratory illness in another cat after exposure to recalled potentially HPAI-contaminated raw food. The report connects bird-to-cat spillover, raw pet food exposure, and lapses in infection prevention and control, emphasizing the need for formal IPC guidance and risk assessment protocols, plus education on safe handling, handwashing, and infectious disease risk from raw diets.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-raw-deal-the-intersection-of-the-immunocompromised-cat-influenza-and-a-lapse-of-infection-prevention-and-control-measures/444558/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-raw-deal-the-intersection-of-the-immunocompromised-cat-influenza-and-a-lapse-of-infection-prevention-and-control-measures/444558.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jasmine","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What infection is described in the case report?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The report describes nosocomial transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in an immunocompromised domestic clinic cat.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What factors are highlighted as contributors to the public health risk?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Key contributors include HPAI spillover from birds to animals, probable HPAI infection linked to potentially contaminated raw pet foods, and lapses in infection prevention and control measures in the clinic setting.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What actions does the document recommend for reducing these risks?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"It calls for formal IPC guidelines or risk assessment-based protocols for veterinary resident clinics/pets, education on safe handling and handwashing for raw food products, and access to rapid point-of-care testing options for veterinary infectious diseases.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},444558,1790811460,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":19,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":52,"preview_page_count":4},2336478487870,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","| Commentary  \nA raw deal: the intersection of the immunocompromised cat, influenza, and a lapse of infection prevention and control measures  \nKelli J. Maddock1  \nAUTHOR AFFILIATION See affiliation list on p. 3.  \nABSTRACT The case report by Chen et al. (ASM Case Rep 1:e00134-25, 2025, [https://](https://)[ ](https://)[doi.org/10.1128/asmcr.00134-25](doi.org/10.1128/asmcr.00134-25) importantly describes nosocomial transmission of)[) importantly describes nosocomial transmission of](doi.org/10.1128/asmcr.00134-25) importantly describes nosocomial transmission of)[ ](doi.org/10.1128/asmcr.00134-25) importantly describes nosocomial transmission of)highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in an immunocompromised resident clinic cat. This case highlights several significant public health threats, starting with HPAI spillover from birds to cats, foxes, and cattle; probable HPAI infection due to contaminated commercially prepared raw pet foods; nosocomial infection of an immunocompromised animal; and lapses in infection prevention and control (IPC) measures. This case underscores the need for formal IPC guidelines or a risk assessment-based protocol for resident clinic or personal pets in veterinary settings. As the availability of and interest in using commercial raw pet foods increase, there is a need for education surrounding infectious disease risk, safe handling, and handwashing procedures for use of these products, as well as the potential risk for fecal shedding of important enteric pathogens.  \nFurther emphasizing the importance of IPC, nosocomial outbreaks caused by Salmonella and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria have been identified in large animal and companion animal practices, with a recent case describing probable zoonotic and nosocomial spread of carbapenem-resistant organisms. To mitigate these risks, veterinary practices (clinics or hospitals) require resources and education for IPC to minimize and investigate nosocomial transmission of infectious diseases. Finally, the availability of high-quality point-of-care test options for veterinary infectious diseases would support human, animal, and population health by providing rapid and actionable results for disease response.  \nT he case report by Chen et al. (1) describes a nosocomial infection of highly patho  \ngenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in an immunocompromised domestic cat. The cat was a resident of the clinic and had contact with clinic spaces and personnel who had previous contact with another cat experiencing respiratory illness after consumption of recalled (2), potentially HPAI-contaminated raw cat food. This case represents an interesting intersection of an immunocompromised resident of a veterinary clinic and several public health phenomena of our time, namely, the spillover of HPAI from birds to cats, foxes, and cattle; the raw pet food diet trend; and an increasing need for infection prevention and control (IPC) measures in veterinary practices (clinics or hospitals) . Beyond these factors, human, animal, and population health, and potentially antimicrobial stewardship could be supported by increased availability of high-quality infectious disease point-of-care testing (POCT) in veterinary practices.  \nIt is not uncommon for veterinary practices to adopt resident clinic pets with difficult to manage conditions that may be too challenging or expensive for the average pet owner to navigate. While surrounding these animals with veterinary professionals and providing care is altruistic, paradoxically, they are also residing in an environment where they may be at a high risk of contracting a debilitating or lethal illness from  \nEditor Nicholas M. Moore, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA  \nAddress correspondence to Kelli J. Maddock, [kelli.maddock@ndsu.edu](kelli.maddock@ndsu.edu).  \nThe author declares no conflict of interest. views expressed in this article do necessarily  \nother patients. While no formal IPC guidance or policy curre","cbCaihgCbexcVUZ2","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihgCbexcVUZ2","pdf",170422,"English","# Abstract\n## Nosocomial HPAI transmission in an immunocompromised clinic cat\n## Public health threats and IPC gaps\n## Risk mitigation and need for veterinary POCT","[{\"question\":\"What infection is described in the case report?\",\"answer\":\"The report describes nosocomial transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in an immunocompromised domestic clinic cat.\"},{\"question\":\"What factors are highlighted as contributors to the public health risk?\",\"answer\":\"Key contributors include HPAI spillover from birds to animals, probable HPAI infection linked to potentially contaminated raw pet foods, and lapses in infection prevention and control measures in the clinic setting.\"},{\"question\":\"What actions does the document recommend for reducing these risks?\",\"answer\":\"It calls for formal IPC guidelines or risk assessment-based protocols for veterinary resident clinics/pets, education on safe handling and handwashing for raw food products, and access to rapid point-of-care testing options for veterinary infectious diseases.\"}]","A raw deal: the intersection of the immunocompromised cat, influenza, and a lapse of infection prevention and control measures | PDF",1790708493]