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Connors, Isabel C. Farrar, & Amanda G. Stein  \nStart Early  \nStacy B. Ehrlich, John Francis, & Sarah E. Kabourek  \nNORC at the University of Chicago  \nJohn Q. Easton  \nThe University of Chicago Consortium on School Research  \nCite as: Easton, J.Q., Francis, J., Farrar, I.C., Stein, A.G., Connors, M.C., Ehrlich, S. B., & Kabourek, S. E. (2020). Anew method for describing Chicago neighborhoods. Chicago, IL: Start Early and NORC at the University of Chicago.  \nStart Early • NORC at the University of Chicago | OCT 2020 | PDF  \nIntroduction  \nNeighborhoods have enduring impacts on the people who live in them. They affect a wide range of social and personal experiences of their residents — from schooling, to access to health care and quality food, to social relationships and supports, and to civic participation. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of neighborhoods is important for informing policy decisions about how to most equitably and efficiently allocate services, supports, and resources. But determining how to characterize neighborhoods is not a straightforward task; they are multifaceted, complex units made up of disparate factors such as people, physical environment, cultural norms, institutions, and businesses, just to name a few.  \nThe process and results of defining neighborhoods may look different depending on the purpose. In this brief, we focus on how we — a team of education researchers — defined neighborhoods in Chicago. The initial goal of this work was to enable us to answer questions about how access to and enrollment in school-based pre-kindergarten (pre-k) may have varied by neighborhood characteristics. In conducting this work, we found the question of how to describe neighborhoods particularly interesting.  \nWe used a data-driven method for characterizing neighborhoods that leveraged publicly available census data and allowed us to consider many neighborhood characteristics simultaneously. This method resulted in a parsimonious set of five neighborhood groupings in Chicago that enabled us to simplify how we understood the relationship of neighborhood char-  \nacteristics to a host of educational and other outcomes. In fact, our school district colleagues recommended that we produce this brief as a resource to those seeking to apply similar approaches in their work.  \nThis brief shares our approach to defining neighborhood groupings and their characteristics and our findings about them. First, we review prior neighborhood research and ways of characterizing Chicago community areas and neighborhoods, outlining how the current work builds on these previous efforts. We then present our data-driven method for grouping neighborhoods and describe our neighborhood groupings. Finally, we discuss the potential uses and implications of our work. We hope that others in Chicago (or elsewhere) find this approach to defining neighborhood groupings useful — both for conducting research studies and providing services or resources.  \nA NEW METHOD FOR DESCRIBING CHICAGO NEIGHBORHOODS 1  \nThe Importance of Neighborhoodsin Prior Research  \nMany researchers from disparate fields such as education, sociology, and psychology have studied the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and children’s outcomes. For example, much research has found a direct link between neighborhood poverty and poorer academic, behavioral, and health outcomes.1 Other work has detailed the diverse mechanisms — including social relationships, norms, and institutional resources such as preschool quality —through which neighborhood characteristics can positively shape outcomes as","cbCaitxK5v91GRvq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitxK5v91GRvq","pdf",1477150,21,"English","# Introduction\n## The Importance of Neighborhoods in Prior Research\n## Methods\n## Results of our Analyses: The Five Neighborhood Groupings\n## Conclusion\n# Endnotes\n# Appendices\n# Acknowledgements","[{\"question\":\"Why is defining neighborhood characteristics important for policy and services?\",\"answer\":\"Neighborhoods shape residents’ schooling, health care access, food quality, social relationships, and civic participation. Understanding these characteristics helps allocate services and resources more equitably and efficiently.\"},{\"question\":\"What approach did the authors use to characterize Chicago neighborhoods?\",\"answer\":\"The authors used a data-driven method leveraging publicly available census data to consider many neighborhood characteristics simultaneously.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the results of the authors’ analyses?\",\"answer\":\"The method produced a parsimonious set of five neighborhood groupings in Chicago, used to simplify how relationships between neighborhood characteristics and outcomes are understood.\"}]","A New Method for Describing Chicago Neighborhoods - Table of Contents | PDF",1792058582,53]