[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-37263-en":3,"doc-seo-37263-105":28,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":11,"language":21,"language_code":22,"site_id":23,"html_lang":22,"table_of_contents":24,"faqs":25,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":26,"read_time":27},37263,8796095360427,"Lucas Martin","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d",6,"Technology","A Modified Lightweight PRESENT Cipher For IoT Security","The paper addresses security challenges created by pervasive devices in IoT and embedded systems, where conventional full cryptographic environments are constrained by power dissipation, area, and speed. A lightweight PRESENT cipher is proposed by modifying the original design: reducing encryption rounds, changing the key register updating approach, and inserting an additional layer between the S-box and P-layer. The key register is updated using a TEA delta-value function, reducing PRESENT rounds from 31 to 25 while maintaining security. The algorithm’s efficiency is evaluated using software parameters including N-gram, non-homogeneity, frequency distribution, and histogram analysis.","A Modified Lightweight PRESENT Cipher ForIoT  \nSecurity  \nRuna Chatterjee  \nResearch Scholar, Dept. of CSE, MAKAUT, West Bengal, India and Assistant Professor  \nDepartment of CSE,  \nNetaji Subhash Engineering College, Kolkata-152, West Bengal, India.  \n[runaseth2006@gmail.com](runaseth2006@gmail.com)  \nRajdeep Chakraborty Assistant Professor Department of CSE, Netaji Subhash Engineering  \nCollege, Kolkata-152, West Bengal, India. [rajdeep_chak@rediffmail.com](rajdeep_chak@rediffmail.com)  \nAbstract—Of late, the massive use of pervasive devices in the electronics field has raised the concerns about security. In embedded applications or IoT domain implementing a fullfledged cryptographic environment using conventional encryption algorithms would not be practical because of the constraints like power dissipation, area and speed. To overcome such barriers the focus is on lightweight cryptography. In this paper a new lightweight PRESENT cipher has been proposed which has modified the original PRESENT cipher by reducing encryption round, modifying the Key Register updating technique and adding a new layer inbetween S-box layer and P-layer of the existing encryptiondecryption process. The key register is updated by encrypting its value by adding delta value function of TEA (Tiny encryption algorithm), which is another lightweight cipher. The addition of extra layer helps us to reduce the PRESENT round from 31 to 25 which is the minimum round required for security. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is increased by encrypting the key register. The proposed algorithm provesits superiority by analyzing different software parameter analysis like N-gram, Non-Homogeneity, Frequency Distribution graph and Histogram.  \nKeywords—lightweight block cipher, IoT Security, SPN, Gate Equivalents (GEs), Symmetric key cryptography, PRESENT, TEA  \nI. INTRODUCTION  \nIn today’s technology, ever increasing use of pervasive devices has raised the concerns about security for secure communication. Cryptography is appropriate for enhancing the security of an IoT [14, 15] based environment. In embedded applications, implementing a full-fledged cryptographic environment would not be practical because of the constraints like power dissipation, area and speed. Due to these constraints, the focus is on using lightweight cryptography that needs as less memory space as possible Lightweight cryptography is called as lightweight [11] in terms of GE (Gate Equivalent) . ISO/IEC standardized [2, 6]1000-2000GE for lightweight cryptographic algorithm. Of late, many compact lightweight [1] algorithms like PRESENT, CLEFIA, SEA, TEA, LED, Hummingbird, and KANTAN have developed. Each method is optimized according to a different performance metrics [3] . There is no such cryptographic algorithm which is the best in all respect. Someone is better w.r.t. performance and other is better in terms of security. Actually there is a tradeoff between the performance and security parameters. In this paper PRESENT is selected as a benchmark which is recently used in IoT security domain and also accepted by industry.  \nIn this paper Sec II illustrates the benchmark algorithm PRESENT [4,10] and another lightweight algorithm TEA[7] applied partly to modify the base algorithm, Sec III clearly defines the proposed modified cipher, Sec IV illustrates the implementation details, Sec V shows result analysis part of different parameters and finally Sec VI includes the conclusion portion.  \nII. EXISTING ALGORITHMS  \nThis section gives an overview of the existing PRESENT cipher and a brief idea on TEA cipher. Sec II.A includes PRESENT cipher details and sec II.B describes TEA.  \nA. PRESENT  \nPRESENT [4, 10] is a lightweight block cipher which is based on SPN (Substitution Permutation Network) structure. It considered 64 bits plaintext and 80 or 128 bits key taken as input. The cipher has 31 encryption or decryption roundsand each round go through one S-box (Substitution Box) Layer and one P-L","cbCaieXmnpFVDCFj","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieXmnpFVDCFj","pdf",274372,1,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n# Existing Algorithms\n## PRESENT\n## TEA\n# Proposed Modified Cipher\n# Implementation Details\n# Result Analysis\n# Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"Why is lightweight cryptography important for IoT devices in this paper?\",\"answer\":\"Full-fledged cryptographic setups are impractical in embedded/IoT environments due to limited power dissipation, area, and speed. Lightweight cryptography reduces implementation cost while supporting secure communication.\"},{\"question\":\"What modifications does the paper make to the original PRESENT cipher?\",\"answer\":\"The proposed design reduces encryption rounds, modifies how the key register is updated, and adds a new intermediate layer between the S-box layer and the P-layer in the encryption/decryption process.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the key register updated in the proposed cipher?\",\"answer\":\"The key register is updated by encrypting its value using a delta value function of TEA (Tiny Encryption Algorithm), integrating TEA into the PRESENT-based process.\"}]",1783026082,15,{"code":4,"msg":29,"data":30},"ok",{"site_id":23,"language":22,"slug":31,"title":13,"keywords":32,"description":14,"schema_data":33,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":26},"a-modified-lightweight-present-cipher-for-iot-security","",{"@graph":34,"@context":84},[35,52,67],{"@type":36,"itemListElement":37},"BreadcrumbList",[38,42,46,49],{"item":39,"name":40,"@type":41,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":43,"name":44,"@type":41,"position":45},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":41,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":41,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-modified-lightweight-present-cipher-for-iot-security/37263/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":22,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":39,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-08","2026-07-02",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"Why is lightweight cryptography important for IoT devices in this paper?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"Full-fledged cryptographic setups are impractical in embedded/IoT environments due to limited power dissipation, area, and speed. Lightweight cryptography reduces implementation cost while supporting secure communication.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"What modifications does the paper make to the original PRESENT cipher?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"The proposed design reduces encryption rounds, modifies how the key register is updated, and adds a new intermediate layer between the S-box layer and the P-layer in the encryption/decryption process.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"How is the key register updated in the proposed cipher?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"The key register is updated by encrypting its value using a delta value function of TEA (Tiny Encryption Algorithm), integrating TEA into the PRESENT-based process.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":23},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,100,104,109,112,117,122,127,130,134],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":45,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":51,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":110,"slug":111},50,"technology",{"id":113,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":114,"show_sort_weight":115,"slug":116},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":119,"show_sort_weight":120,"slug":121},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":129},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":133},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":44,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":105,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]