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It outlines the roles and responsibilities across Program Direction and Test Development, covering planning, printing and taping, scheduling, form designation, and quality control. It also provides procedures and recommendations for preparing large-print, Braille, and cassette editions, including goals for task equivalence, item adaptation and narration, and appendices with checklists and testing guidance.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-manual-for-preparing-special-test-editions-for-the-handicapped/272696/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-manual-for-preparing-special-test-editions-for-the-handicapped/272696.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Sophia Brooks","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-01","2026-09-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Which special test formats are described for visually impaired candidates?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The manual describes three traditional formats: large-print, Braille, and cassette, along with additional support such as raised-line plates for figures or graphs.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What is the primary goal when adapting ETS tests for blind or visually impaired candidates?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The primary goal is to provide a test that presents a task equivalent to that given to sighted candidates, preserving as many advantages as possible.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What responsibilities are covered under Program Direction and Test Development?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Program Direction focuses on planning production of special editions, arranging printing and taping, deciding testing time, designating base test forms, and quality control. Test Development includes roles such as area director, test development coordinator, test assembler, and test adapter.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},272696,1790036357,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},962084925636,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","ED 234055  \nAUTHOR  \nTITLE  \nINSTITUTION  \nPUB DATE  \nNOTE  \nPUB TYPE  \nEDRS PRICE  \nDESCRI PTORS  \nIDENTIFIERS  \nABSTRACT  \nDOCUMENT RESUME  \nTM 820882  \nSolomon,Charlotte  \nA Manuai for Preparing Special Test Editions for theHandicapped.  \nEducational Testing Service,Princeton,N.J.82  \n29p.  \nTests/Evaluation Instruments(160)--Guides·-Non-Classroom Use(055)  \nMF01/PC02 Plus Postage.  \n*Disabilities;Elementary Secondary Education;HigherEducation;Program Development;*Test Construction;Test Format;Testing Prohlems;Testing Programs;TestItems;*Visual Impairments  \n*Educational Testing Service;*Test Adaptations;Testing Conditions  \nTo meet the needs of visually-impaired candidatas,Educational Testing Service(ETS)has traditionally provided tests inthree special formats:large-print,Braille,and cassette.CertainETS programs permit the use of the candidate's reader。or the use ofamanuensis,that is,someone who records answers for the candidate.The primary goal of anyone who adapts an ETS Test for blind or…visually-impaired candidates is to provide a test that preselts atask equi valent to that presented to sighted candidates.This manualcontains both an outline of existing procedures and a number ofrecommendations.Its purpose is to aid test development staff whohave responsibility for preparing tests in large-print,Braille,andcassette editions.Program Direction staff has the responsibility forplanning the production of special editions,arranging for printingand taping,deciding testing time,designating which test form wilibe the base test for special editions,and checking quality controi.The roles of test development coordinator,assembler and adapter arediscussed.Guidelines for item adaptation and narration includespecial considerations for quantitative item types.Test developmenttasks in adapting tests for the visually impaired,a checklist fortest adapter,test adapter's control sheet,and additicnalinformation about testing the handicapped are included in theappendices.(Author/PN)  \n★**★★*★★★*****★★*★*★★★★★*★*★★★★★*★★★★★★★★★★★★*★*★★★★★★★★★★★★★★*★★★★*★★★Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made ★*★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★★***★★**★*****★*★★*******★*★★★★★★**★★★★***★★★★★★  \niso7  \n2888w  \nU.S.DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATIONEDUCATIONAi.RESOURCES INFORMATIONCENTERIERIC)  \nPERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THISMATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY  \n!ir  \n./,  \nThis do unen1 has bm:n reprodur.ed asftEvesl trum the p?rsut t orqumztonqrafing1,·  \nMinut .hanqs have u mae to improvepradut.tun tuaity  \n1OIHE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCESINFQRMATION CENTER (LRIC).  \n● Pointsl viw or opH10ns stutec in this dot'umht rnut fu₅,Stly tepreent olf.al NIEpeSiton or pahu,y  \nA Manual for  \nPreparing Special Test Editions for the Handicapped  \nChar₁otte SolomonTest DevelopmentHigher Education Programs  \nEducational Testing ServicePr:inceton,N.J.  \n2  \nCopyright ◎1982by Educational Testing Service.Al1 rights reserved.Princeton,N.J.  08541  \nCONTENTS  \nIntroduction  \nI.  The Role cf Program Direction  \nA.  General Planning  \nB.  Printing and Taping  \nC.  Timing  \nD.  Form Designation  \nE.  Quality Control  \nII.  The Role of Test Development  \nA.  Area Director  \nB.  Test Development Coordinator  \nC.  Test Assembler  \nD.  Test Adapter  \nIII.  Guidelines for Item Adaptation and Narration  \nA.  General Item Adaptation  \nB.  Special Considerations for Quantitative Item Types  \nC.  Guidelines for Narrat ion  \nIV.  Appendices  \nA.Test Development Tasks in Adapting Tests for the Visually Impaired  \nB.  Checklist for.Test Adapter  \nC.Test Adapter's Control Sheet  \nD.  Bibliographical Note  \nE.Additional Information about Testing Program Services for HandicappedCandidates  \n# ACENOWLEDGEIENTS\n\nA number of individuals made substantial contributions to chedevelopment of this manua1.Special thanks should go to Jenne Britel1and Douglas Rhodes for making the funding cf this project possible throughthe Program Development Fund and to Charles Daves and Robert Altman for","cbCairhGpzmwz1TY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairhGpzmwz1TY","pdf",400546,28,"English","# Introduction\n# Contents\n## The Role of Program Direction\n## The Role of Test Development\n## Guidelines for Item Adaptation and Narration\n## Appendices","[{\"question\":\"Which special test formats are described for visually impaired candidates?\",\"answer\":\"The manual describes three traditional formats: large-print, Braille, and cassette, along with additional support such as raised-line plates for figures or graphs.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the primary goal when adapting ETS tests for blind or visually impaired candidates?\",\"answer\":\"The primary goal is to provide a test that presents a task equivalent to that given to sighted candidates, preserving as many advantages as possible.\"},{\"question\":\"What responsibilities are covered under Program Direction and Test Development?\",\"answer\":\"Program Direction focuses on planning production of special editions, arranging printing and taping, deciding testing time, designating base test forms, and quality control. Test Development includes roles such as area director, test development coordinator, test assembler, and test adapter.\"}]","A Manual for Preparing Special Test Editions for the Handicapped | PDF",1789467023,71]