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Kobrin, Viji Sathy, and Emily J. Shaw  \n[www.collegeboard.com](www.collegeboard.com)  \nCollege Board Research Report No. 2006-5  \nA Historical View of Subgroup Performance Differences on the SAT  \nReasoning Test ™  \nJennifer L. Kobrin, Viji Sathy, and Emily J. Shaw  \nThe College Board, New York, 2007  \nJennifer L. Kobrin is a research scientist at the College Board.  \nViji Sathy is an associate research scientist at the College Board.  \nEmily J. Shaw is an assistant research scientist at the College Board.  \nThe research reported in this paper is collaborative in every respect, and the order of the authorship is alphabetical.  \nResearchers are encouraged to freely express their professional judgment. Therefore, points of view or opinions stated in College Board Reports do not necessarily represent official College Board position or policy.  \nThe College Board: Connecting Students to College Success The College Board is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to connect students to college success and opportunity. Founded in 1900, the association is composed of more than 5,000 schools, colleges, universities, and other educational organizations. Each year, the College Board serves seven million students and their parents, 23,000 high schools, and 3,500 colleges through major programs and services in college admissions, guidance, assessment, financial aid, enrollment, and teaching and learning. Among its best-known programs are the SAT®, the PSAT/NMSQT®, and the Advanced Placement Program®(AP®). The College Board is committed to the principles of excellence and equity, and that commitment is embodied in all of its programs, services, activities, and concerns. For further information, [visit www.collegeboard.com](visit www.collegeboard.com). Additional copies of this report (item \\#060481915) maybe obtained from College Board Publications, Box 886, New York, NY 10101-0886, 800 323-7155. The price is $15. Please include $4 for postage and handling.  \n© 2007 The College Board. All rights reserved. College Board, Advanced Placement Program, AP, SAT, and the acorn logo are registered trademarks of the College Board. connect to college success, SAT Reasoning Test, and SAT Subject Tests are trademarks owned by the College Board. PSAT/NMSQT is a registered trademark of the College Board and the National Merit Scholarship Corporation. All other products and services may be trademarks of their respective owners. Visit the College [Board on the Web: www.collegeboard.com](Board on the Web: www.collegeboard.com).  \nPrinted in the United States of America.  \nAcknowledgments  \nWe would like to thank Robert Linn, Roberto Noya, Amy Schmidt, and Brian O’Reilly for their helpful comments on this research report.  \nContents  \nAbstract  ..................................... 1  \nIntroduction  ................................. 1  \nPurpose and Organization of This Report  ...... 1  \nLiterature Documenting Subgroup Performance Differences on the SAT Reasoning Test™ and Other Tests  ................................ 2  \nTheories for Subgroup Differences  ............2  \nGender Differences  ....................... 3  \nRacial/Ethnic Group Differences  ............ 4  \nLanguage Group Differences  ............... 5  \nSocioeconomic Group Differences  ........... 6  \nAcademic Performance Measures  ................ 7  \nDemographics of SAT® College-Bound Seniors and Subgroup Performance on the SAT and SAT Subject Test in Writing from 1987 to 2006 ...... 7  \nSAT Score Trends by Gender  ................. 8  \nEthnicity  .................................. 8  \nEnglish As a First Language  .................. 9  \nEnglish As Best Language  .................. 10  \nParental Income  .......................... 10  \nComparison of Subgroup Differences Across Performance Measures  ..................... 11  \nMethods for Examining Subgrou","cbCaikQ3diroj8Zf","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikQ3diroj8Zf","pdf",3440873,54,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Purpose and Organization of This Report\n## Literature Documenting Subgroup Performance Differences on the SAT Reasoning Test™ and Other Tests\n## Theories for Subgroup Differences\n## Gender Differences\n## Racial/Ethnic Group Differences\n## Language Group Differences\n## Socioeconomic Group Differences\n## Academic Performance Measures\n## Demographics of SAT® College-Bound Seniors and Subgroup Performance (1987 to 2006)\n## Methods for Examining Subgroup Differences\n## Summary and Discussion\n# References\n## Appendix A: Student Descriptive Questionnaire Questions\n## Appendix B: Tables","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of the report?\",\"answer\":\"The report studies historical differences in subgroup performance on the SAT Reasoning Test and explains how those differences have changed over time.\"},{\"question\":\"Which subgroup categories are analyzed in the document?\",\"answer\":\"It analyzes gender, racial/ethnic groups, language groups (including English language status), and socioeconomic groups such as income levels.\"},{\"question\":\"What methods does the report use to examine subgroup differences?\",\"answer\":\"It outlines methods for examining subgroup differences and uses standardized differences across performance measures to compare groups.\"}]","A Historical View of Subgroup Performance Differences on the SAT Reasoning Test | PDF",136]