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The authors examine how Freirean thought shaped their theory and praxis, beginning with early engagements with Freirean literature and extending to combined efforts to design, develop, and implement a large-scale national literacy campaign in post-apartheid South Africa. The article argues for the early and continuing relevance of Freire’s work through adult literacy implementation into the twenty-first century.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-historical-remembrance-of-paulo-freire-in-south-africa-a-tale-of-two-activists/593047/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-historical-remembrance-of-paulo-freire-in-south-africa-a-tale-of-two-activists/593047.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Aran","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main purpose of the article?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The article shows the early and continued relevance of Freire’s work for liberation struggles in South Africa and how Freirean thought remained relevant through adult literacy implementation in the early twenty-first century.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the article structure its content?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It uses two intertwining practitioner narratives, presented through a reflective dialogue approach that locates individual experiences in historical context.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What role did Freirean thought play in the authors’ activism?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Freirean ideas informed and advanced their struggles against apartheid education and supported their subsequent collaboration in implementing the South African Kha Ri Gude Mass Literacy Campaign.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},593047,1792168101,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},137455076865,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Australian Journal of Adult Learning Volume 61, Number 3, November 2021  \nA historical remembrance of Paulo Freire in South Africa: A tale of two activists  \nJohn Aitchison Veronica McKay  \nThis article is based on our two narratives through which we explore how Freirean thought had an impact on our respective praxis as academic activists in apartheid South Africa. We reflect specifically on the influence the work of Freire had on informing and advancing our respective struggles against apartheid education. This article therefore emanates from our process of thoughtful dialoguing and writing about how our understandings of Freire enabled us to contribute to the South African struggle for liberation in our respective spaces. We discuss, as a starting point, our early engagements with Freirean literature during our separate journeys. We then reflect through our latter discussion on our combined efforts to design, develop and implement a large-scale Freirean-infused national literacy campaign in post-apartheid South Africa. These efforts were informed by our understandings of Freirean thought.  \nThe article aims to show the early and the continued relevance of Freire’s work, during the struggle for liberation in South Africa in the last quarter of the twentieth century. It also shows how Freirean thought remained relevant in the early twenty-first century through, among other things, the implementation of adult literacy.  \nA historical remembrance of Paulo Freire in South Africa: A tale of two activists 335  \nKeywords: Freire, literacy, adult education, reflection-action and praxis, Kha Ri Gude Mass Literacy Campaign  \nIntroduction  \nThe apartheid period in South Africa from 1948 to 1994 was a period of institutionalised racial segregation and discrimination which denied black people political and economic rights and enforced segregation. This period gave rise to an intellectual culture of opposition in some South African universities within the broader anti-apartheid movement. Both authors of this article were at universities in the years before South Africa’s first democratic election in 1994. They played an active role as education and literacy activists during a time when Freire’s ideas had“an important influence in the Black Consciousness Movement, the trade union movement, and some of the organisations associated with the United Democratic Front . . . his ideas remain influential today, from trade unions to grassroots struggles”(Tricontinental Institute for Social Research, 2020) .  \nThis article presents our two intertwining narratives through which we reflect on how Freirean thought had an impact on our respective theory and praxis as academic activists. We share our historical narratives, and we interpret and reinterpret our accounts about how our academic– activist journeys and the development of our understandings of Freirean thought enabled us to, individually and jointly, contribute to the struggle for liberation in South Africa.  \nThe narrative approach  \nMethodologically, our article utilises a reflective dialogue approach between two practitioners, an approach which Freire himself modelled asa dialogical interaction through which new knowledge is created. In our reflective dialogue, we make use of narratives1, locating and reflecting on our individual experiences of Freire. We locate this in a historical context and capture the emotion of the moment. We used these reflections to interpret our present day use of Freire’s work. This approach is modelled in the work of Torres (1997) and Shor (1993) who used reflective dialogue engaging Freire in their use of a reflective dialogue. There are numerous more recent studies adapting the use of reflective dialogue as a method  \n336 John Aitchison and Veronica McKay  \nfor community research such as those by McKay and Romm,(2014); Kazhikenova et al. (2021) and Tsang (2005). Moen (2005, p. 1) refers to the narrative approach as being both a “frame of reference, a way of refle","cbCaidTV1b29zeE6","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidTV1b29zeE6","pdf",210981,21,"English","# Introduction\n## The apartheid context and Freire’s influence\n# The narrative approach\n## Reflective dialogue as a research method\n## Early engagements and shared theoretical basis\n## Freire’s impact on praxis and literacy campaigns","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the article?\",\"answer\":\"The article shows the early and continued relevance of Freire’s work for liberation struggles in South Africa and how Freirean thought remained relevant through adult literacy implementation in the early twenty-first century.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the article structure its content?\",\"answer\":\"It uses two intertwining practitioner narratives, presented through a reflective dialogue approach that locates individual experiences in historical context.\"},{\"question\":\"What role did Freirean thought play in the authors’ activism?\",\"answer\":\"Freirean ideas informed and advanced their struggles against apartheid education and supported their subsequent collaboration in implementing the South African Kha Ri Gude Mass Literacy Campaign.\"}]","A historical remembrance of Paulo Freire in South Africa - A tale of two activists | PDF",1792076485,53]