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It combines three data sources: analysis of relevant literature, curriculum analysis plus interviews with teachers across Cyprus, England, and Iceland, and classroom activity observations to capture children’s perspectives. Triangulation supports validation, and literature outcomes guide the key interest areas and the final framework structure for subsequent preset-code-based research.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-grounded-theory-approach-to-the-development-of-a-framework-for-researching-childrens-decision-making-skills-within-design-and-technology-education-research-abstract-and-introduction/601596/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-grounded-theory-approach-to-the-development-of-a-framework-for-researching-childrens-decision-making-skills-within-design-and-technology-education-research-abstract-and-introduction/601596.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"anakgang17","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main purpose of the paper?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To establish a framework for researching children’s decision-making skills in design and technology education using a grounded theory approach.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What three data sources are used to build the framework?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Literature analysis, curriculum analysis with teacher interviews, and classroom activity study to gather children’s perspectives.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How is the reliability of the obtained data supported?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The paper uses triangulation across the three data sources to support validation of the findings.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},601596,1792232095,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":41},962090883568,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","A grounded theory approach to the development of a framework for researching children’s decision-making skills within design  \nand technology education  \nAlexandros Mettas, Loughborough University, UK Prof Eddie Norman, Loughborough University, UK  \nRESEARCH  \n8  \nAbstract  \nThis paper discusses the establishment of a framework for researching children’s decision-making skills in design and technology education through taking a grounded theory approach. Three data sources were used:  \n(1) analysis of available literature;  \n(2) curriculum analysis and interviews with teachers concerning their practice in relation to their respective national curricula; and  \n(3) a study of classroom activity in order to gather children’s’ perspectives.  \nThese three data sources provided triangulation, as well as supporting the validation of the data obtained. The main areas of interest for the literature search were children’s decision-making strategies, the implementation of decision-making in educational contexts and the roles of teachers and curriculum materials in the development of children’s decision-making skills. In this paper the key outcomes ofthis literature search are presented. Teachers in Cyprus, England and Iceland, were interviewed concerning their practice and the results of these interviews are presented. The exploratory study was conducted in a Cypriot classroom and the results found in this context are noted and compared with the literature sources and interview outcomes. The resulting framework illustrates the possible factors that affect children’s decision-making skills within design and technology education and is designed to be used in a subsequent research investigation using these possible factors as preset codes.  \nKey words  \ndecision-making, design decisions, grounded theory, research framework.  \n1. Introduction  \nDecision-making is one of the fundamental processes that humans continuously go though in their everyday life.  \nFrom a very young age people make various decisions or select from available or created options (Zoller, 1982) . Every decision is made within a decision environment, which includes the collection of information, alternative options, values, and preferences available at the time of the decision. An ideal decision-making environment would include all possible information, all of it accurate, and every possible alternative. However, in practice both information and alternatives are constrained because the  \ntime and the effort to gain information or to identify alternatives are limited (Clemen, 1991) . Since decisions must be made within this constrained environment decision-making is considered to be a complicated cognitive process which involves many factors (Kahnemanand Tversky, 2000) .  \nDespite the significance of decision-making as a vital activity in human behaviour providing holistic accounts of the phenomenon has not attracted the attention of many researchers in the education field. In the area of design education, children’s decision-making strategies have only recently gained significant attention, perhaps because of the increasing acknowledgement of the importance of understanding the drivers behind decisions relating to creativity, sustainability and innovation. There are a few research studies that explore various aspects of decisionmaking in the area of design and technology education (Barlex and Rutland, 2004; Davies, 2001; Barlex, 2007; Coles and Norman, 2005; Mettas, Thorsteinsson and Norman, 2007; Mettas and Constantinou, 2008) . Some research outcomes that come from the area of cognitive development (Davidson, 1991a, 1991b; Klaczynski, Byrnes and Jacobs, 2001) or operational management (Bazerman, 2005; Hammond, Keeney and Raiffa, 1999) can also be related to the teaching and learning of children’s decision-making skills.  \nThere has been significant research relating to particular factors that have significant influence on design decisionmaking. Designing is enabled throug","cbCaimBNjQDBwyef","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimBNjQDBwyef","pdf",104298,12,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the paper?\",\"answer\":\"To establish a framework for researching children’s decision-making skills in design and technology education using a grounded theory approach.\"},{\"question\":\"What three data sources are used to build the framework?\",\"answer\":\"Literature analysis, curriculum analysis with teacher interviews, and classroom activity study to gather children’s perspectives.\"},{\"question\":\"How is the reliability of the obtained data supported?\",\"answer\":\"The paper uses triangulation across the three data sources to support validation of the findings.\"}]","A grounded theory approach to the development of a framework for researching children’s decision-making skills within design and technology education - Research Abstract and Introduction | PDF",1792092930]