[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-155703-105":59,"doc-detail-155703-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","a-digital-creative-industry-webtoons-with-a-focus-on-the-thai-webtoon-market","A Digital Creative Industry, Webtoons - With a Focus on the Thai Webtoon Market","","Study investigates the current state and challenges of the webtoon industry as a distinctive digital creative industry, using Thailand as the primary case. It analyzes Thailand’s webtoon market characteristics and trends and explains how these dynamics support the cultivation of a new creative sector. Findings highlight a dynamic link between major Korean platform entry, Thai publishing firms, and Chinese capital influx. Thai adaptations of Korean webtoons drive transmedia expansion, signaling Thailand-based transnationalization and soft-power value.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-digital-creative-industry-webtoons-with-a-focus-on-the-thai-webtoon-market/155703/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-digital-creative-industry-webtoons-with-a-focus-on-the-thai-webtoon-market/155703.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Skyler","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-06","2026-08-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What is the main objective of the study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To explore the current state and challenges of the webtoon industry as a unique creative industry, focusing on the Thai market case.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How does the study describe webtoons in terms of format and definition?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Webtoons are digital comics designed for screen-scrolling consumption, and a 2023 amendment to South Korea’s Promotion of Cartoons Act provides a legal definition for webtoons.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What relationship does the study identify among Korean platforms, Thai publishers, and Chinese capital?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"It finds a dynamic relationship where major Korean webtoon platform entry interacts with Thai publishing companies and an influx of Chinese capital that entered the market later.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},155703,1787924194,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":41},2336464648746,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","A Digital Creative Industry, Webtoons:  \nWith a Focus on the Thai Webtoon Market  \nSueun Kim,+ Kyungeun Park,++ Bongchul Kim3 & Hyeonwook Joo4 (South Korea); Yangwon Hyun5 (Thailand)  \nAbstract  \nThis study aims to explore the current state and challenges of the webtoon industry as a unique creative industry, focusing on the case of Thailand. First, it examines the characteristics and trends of the Webtoon market in Thailand, and how it contributes to the cultivation of a new creative industry. The study’s findings show that there is a dynamic relationship between the entry of major Korean webtoon platforms and the Thai publishing companies aided by an influx of Chinese capital that entered the market and established themselves as latecomers. In addition, the Thai-drama adaptations of Korean webtoons in Thailand have led to the transmedia adaptation of webtoons in the Thai market, thereby highlighting the potential of Thailand-based transnationalization of webtoons. This study illuminates how Thai webtoons function as a symbol of transnational cultural movement and elucidates their contribution to the creation of a new creative industry.  \nKeywords: Digital Creative Industry, Glocalization, Digital Platform, Webtoon, Thailand, Soft Power  \n+ Sueun Kim, Lecturer, Department of Thai Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea.  \nemail: [sueun@hufs.ac.kr](sueun@hufs.ac.kr).  \n++ Kyungeun Park, Prof. , Department of Thai Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea.  \n[email: kyungeunpark@hufs.ac.kr](email: kyungeunpark@hufs.ac.kr).  \n3 Bongchul Kim, Prof. , Department of European Union Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea. [email: bong625@hufs.ac.kr](email: bong625@hufs.ac.kr).  \n4 Hyeonwook Joo, Student, Department of Thai Studies, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, South Korea. [email: baek3382@hufs.ac.kr](email: baek3382@hufs.ac.kr).  \n5 Yangwon Hyun, Prof. , Department of Korean Language and Culture, Rangsit University, Thailand.  \nemail: [greatyan@naver.com](greatyan@naver.com).  \nReceived 2/15/24 – Revised 2/19/25 – Accepted 5/11/25  \nIntroduction  \nWebtoons are digital comics that emerged in South Korea in the early 2000s. Webtoon is a combination of the words “web”(for internet) and “cartoon” and refers to comics primarily designed for consumption in the digital phone environment (Han, 2015; Kang, 2018) . All digital content in the form of cartoons are called digital comics, of which webtoons are a subset. While defining webtoons precisely is challenging, the amendment of the Promotion of Cartoons Act passed by the South Korean National Assembly on February 27, 2023, provided a legal definition for webtoons (Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, 2023) . According to this amendment, cartoons are “a work depicting the world of imagination in one, or two or more compartmentalized frames with pictures and text,” digital cartoons are “cartoons on paper or any other tangible medium processed and compiled in the form of a digital file,” and webtoons are “cartoons produced on information and communication networks for distribution through information and communication networks.” Additionally, for countries wherein cartoons are primarily consumed and produced,“manga” refers to Japanese comics,“comics” to American comics, while “webtoon” specifically refers to Korean comic content. Regarding format, webtoons have a screen-scrolling format where scenes transition through the act of scrolling, unlike traditional comic books where pages have to be physically turned. In other words, webtoons are digital comics produced in Korea, or even internationally created in the Korean style, where the work is read through screen-scrolling.  \nWebtoons, based on platformization and casual consumption, can proliferate in a transmedia and transnational manner (Jin, 2023) . First, webtoons, especially in Korea, are predominantly supplied by major internet service providers, such as Naver and Dau","cbCaikuQaW83heZf","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikuQaW83heZf","pdf",3916210,12,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Webtoons as digital comics and legal definition\n## Platformization, transmedia storytelling, and transnational media\n## Thailand’s market context and research focus","[{\"question\":\"What is the main objective of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To explore the current state and challenges of the webtoon industry as a unique creative industry, focusing on the Thai market case.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study describe webtoons in terms of format and definition?\",\"answer\":\"Webtoons are digital comics designed for screen-scrolling consumption, and a 2023 amendment to South Korea’s Promotion of Cartoons Act provides a legal definition for webtoons.\"},{\"question\":\"What relationship does the study identify among Korean platforms, Thai publishers, and Chinese capital?\",\"answer\":\"It finds a dynamic relationship where major Korean webtoon platform entry interacts with Thai publishing companies and an influx of Chinese capital that entered the market later.\"}]","A Digital Creative Industry, Webtoons - With a Focus on the Thai Webtoon Market | PDF"]