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Because cancer cells generate high ROS and ROS accumulation can trigger cell death, reducing ROS elimination may sensitize tumors to anticancer strategies. Artificial diets with normal carbohydrate, protein, and lipid content but lacking selenium, zinc, copper, or manganese were tested in metastatic ovarian cancer mice. Selenium-free diet replacement significantly improved survival, while zinc-, copper-, or manganese-lacking diets showed no significant survival effect; diets were well tolerated and anticancer efficacy of selenium deprivation was confirmed in metastatic colon cancer and triple-negative breast cancer models. These results support selenium-deficient diets as candidates for metastatic cancer treatment.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-diet-lacking-selenium-but-not-zinc-copper-or-manganese-induces-anticancer-activity-in-mice-with-metastatic-cancers/331021/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-diet-lacking-selenium-but-not-zinc-copper-or-manganese-induces-anticancer-activity-in-mice-with-metastatic-cancers/331021.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Liam","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why might reducing selenium, zinc, copper, or manganese improve anticancer activity?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"These minerals are required for antioxidant enzymes that eliminate ROS. Cancer cells produce high ROS, so limiting ROS elimination can increase ROS accumulation and selectively induce cytotoxicity.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What was the main survival outcome in the metastatic ovarian cancer mouse model?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Replacing the normal diet with a selenium-free diet significantly improved mouse survival. Diets lacking zinc, copper, or manganese did not show significant survival impact.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How was anticancer efficacy of selenium deprivation evaluated beyond ovarian cancer?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The anticancer efficacy of a selenium-lacking diet was confirmed in mice with metastatic colon cancer and metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},331021,1790035611,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},8796095461564,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","nutrients   \nArticle  \nA Diet Lacking Selenium, but Not Zinc, Copper or Manganese, Induces Anticancer Activity in Mice with Metastatic Cancers  \nPatricia Díaz-Ortega, José Manuel Calderón-Montaño , Julio José Jiménez-Alonso , Emilio Guillén-Mancina, Víctor Jiménez-González , Estefanía Burgos-Morón  and Miguel López-Lázaro *  \nCitation: Díaz-Ortega, P.;  \nCalderón-Montaño, J.M.;  \nJiménez-Alonso, J.J.; Guillén-Mancina, E.; Jiménez-González, V.;  \nBurgos-Morón, E.; López-Lázaro, M. A Diet Lacking Selenium, but Not Zinc, Copper or Manganese, Induces Anticancer Activity in Mice with Metastatic Cancers. Nutrients 2024, 16, 2249. [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)nu16142249  \nAcademic Editors: Antoni Pons and Enrique Roche  \nReceived: 7 June 2024  \nRevised: 9 July 2024  \nAccepted: 10 July 2024  \nPublished: 12 July 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \nDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Sevilla, Spain  \n* Correspondence: mlopezlazaro@us.es; Tel.: +34-954-55-63-48  \nAbstract: Selenium, zinc, copper, and manganese are essential components of antioxidant enzymes involved in the elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) . Given that cancer cells produce high levels of ROS and the accumulation of ROS can lead to cell death, cancer cells may be susceptible to strategies that reduce ROS elimination. In this work, we prepared several artificial diets that contained normal carbohydrate, protein, and lipid levels but lacked selenium, zinc, copper, or manganese. The anticancer activity of these diets was examined in a metastatic ovarian cancer model, established by injecting ID8 Trp53−/ − murine ovarian cancer cells into the peritoneal cavity of C57BL/6JRj mice. Treatments started 15 days later and consisted of replacing a normal diet with one of the artificial diets for several weeks. A significant improvement in mice survival was observed when the normal diet was replaced with the selenium-free diet. Diets lacking zinc, copper, or manganese showed no significant impact on mice survival. All diets were very well tolerated. The anticancer efficacy of a diet lacking selenium was confirmed in mice with metastatic colon cancer and in mice with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. These results suggest that diets lacking selenium hold potential for the treatment of metastatic cancers.  \nKeywords: cancer; metastasis; antitumor activity; ovarian cancer; breast cancer; colon cancer  \n1. Introduction  \nDespite advances in anticancer therapies, survival rates for patients with metastatic cancers remain low. For instance, the five-year relative survival rates for stage IV breast, prostate, ovarian, colon, lung, liver, and pancreatic cancers are 31%, 34%, 32%, 14%, 8%, 4%, and 3%, respectively [1] . Many patients who survive five years after diagnosis still succumb to the disease. A key reason for these low survival rates is the limited ability of current pharmacological treatments to selectively target cancer cells without harming normal cells. When treatment selectivity is suboptimal, oncologists often must administer the drugs at the maximum tolerated dose, rather than the effective dose, which is frequently insufficient for eradicating cancer cells. If oncologists were to administer the doses necessary to eradicate cancer cells, such doses would also have lethal effects on normal cells, ultimately leading to patient death. Identifying selective treatments could enhance cancer cell eradication and improve survival rates among patients with metastasis [2,3] .  \nA potential strategy for achieving selective anticancer therapy involves u","cbCainE0sgLeTngx","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainE0sgLeTngx","pdf",1770243,18,"English","# Abstract\n## Keywords\n## Introduction","[{\"question\":\"Why might reducing selenium, zinc, copper, or manganese improve anticancer activity?\",\"answer\":\"These minerals are required for antioxidant enzymes that eliminate ROS. Cancer cells produce high ROS, so limiting ROS elimination can increase ROS accumulation and selectively induce cytotoxicity.\"},{\"question\":\"What was the main survival outcome in the metastatic ovarian cancer mouse model?\",\"answer\":\"Replacing the normal diet with a selenium-free diet significantly improved mouse survival. Diets lacking zinc, copper, or manganese did not show significant survival impact.\"},{\"question\":\"How was anticancer efficacy of selenium deprivation evaluated beyond ovarian cancer?\",\"answer\":\"The anticancer efficacy of a selenium-lacking diet was confirmed in mice with metastatic colon cancer and metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.\"}]","A Diet Lacking Selenium, but Not Zinc, Copper or Manganese, Induces Anticancer Activity in Mice with Metastatic Cancers | PDF",1789991165,45]