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It builds on a European Commission definition describing intelligent systems that analyse environments, act with some autonomy, and pursue specific goals. It further clarifies AI as both a scientific discipline and a technology, outlines major AI capabilities, and discusses associated research areas and scientific foundations, including sensors, reasoning, decision-making and action.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-definition-of-ai-main-capabilities-and-scientific-disciplines/264819/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-definition-of-ai-main-capabilities-and-scientific-disciplines/264819.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Asher","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-14",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",18,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What definition of AI does the document start from?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It starts from a definition stating that AI refers to systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions—with some degree of autonomy—to achieve specific goals.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How does the document treat AI as a scientific discipline and technology?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"It expands the initial definition to clarify aspects of AI both as a scientific discipline and as a technology, aiming to enable shared common knowledge even for non-AI experts.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What are the core elements of an AI system described in the document?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"An AI system is described as perceiving the environment through sensors, reasoning on what is perceived, deciding on the best action, and acting accordingly through actuators, which may modify the environment.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},264819,1789390218,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},687197207639,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","The European Commission’s  \nHIGH-LEVEL EXPERT GROUP ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE  \nA DEFINITION OF AI:  \nMAIN CAPABILITIES AND SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES  \nDefinition developed for the purpose of the deliverables of the High-Level Expert Group on AI  \nBrussels, 18 December 2018  \nHigh-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence  \nA definition of AI: Main capabilities and scientific disciplines  \nEuropean Commission  \nDirectorate-General for Communication  \nContact Nathalie Smuha-AI HLEG Coordinator  \nE-mail CNECT-HLG-AI@ec.europa.eu  \nEuropean Commission B-1049 Brussels  \nDocument made public on 18 December 2018.  \nNeither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of the following information. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence (AI HLEG) . Although staff of the Commission services facilitated the preparation thereof, the views expressed in this document reflect the opinion of the AI HLEG, and may not in any circumstances be regarded as stating an official position of the European Commission.  \nMore information on the High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence is available online ( [https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/high-level-expert-group-artificial-intelligence](https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/high-level-expert-group-artificial-intelligence)) .  \nThe reuse policy of European Commission documents is regulated by Decision 2011/833/EU (OJ L 330, 14.12. 2011, p.39) . For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the EU copyright, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders.  \nA definition of AI:  \nMain capabilities and scientific disciplines  \nDefinition developed for the purpose of the deliverables of the  \nEC High-Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence1  \nWe start from the following definition of Artificial Intelligence (AI), as proposed within the European Commission's Communication on AI2 :  \n“Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions – with some degree of autonomy – to achieve specific goals.  \nAI-based systems can be purely software-based, acting in the virtual world (e.g. voice assistants, image analysis software, search engines, speech and face recognition systems) or AI can be embedded in hardware devices (e.g. advanced robots, autonomous cars, drones or Internet of Things applications).”  \nIn this document we expand this definition to clarify certain aspects of AI as a scientific discipline and asa technology, with the aim to avoid misunderstandings, to achieve a shared common knowledge of AI that can be fruitfully used also by non-AI experts, and to provide useful details that can be used in the discussion on both the AI ethics guidelines and the AI policies recommendations.  \nDisclaimer and Use of this Document: The following description and definition of AI capabilities and research areas is a very crude oversimplification of the state of the art. The intent of this document isnot to precisely and comprehensively define all AI techniques and capabilities, but to describe summarily the joint understanding of this discipline that the High-Level Expert Group is using in its deliverables. We hope however that this document can also serve as a useful educational starting point for people that are not AI experts, who can then follow up with more extensive and deep reflection on AI to get a more precise knowledge of this discipline and technology.  \n1. AI systems  \nThe term AI contains an explicit reference to the notion of intelligence. However, since intelligence (both in machines and in humans) is a vague concept, although it has been studied at length by psychologists, biologists, and neuroscientists, AI researchers use mostly the notion of rationality, which refers to the ability to choose th","cbCaif4t61SplAbY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaif4t61SplAbY","pdf",957880,"English","# A Definition of AI: Main capabilities and scientific disciplines\n## Definition and scope\n## Disclaimer and use of the document\n## AI systems\n## Sensors and perception","[{\"question\":\"What definition of AI does the document start from?\",\"answer\":\"It starts from a definition stating that AI refers to systems that display intelligent behaviour by analysing their environment and taking actions—with some degree of autonomy—to achieve specific goals.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the document treat AI as a scientific discipline and technology?\",\"answer\":\"It expands the initial definition to clarify aspects of AI both as a scientific discipline and as a technology, aiming to enable shared common knowledge even for non-AI experts.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the core elements of an AI system described in the document?\",\"answer\":\"An AI system is described as perceiving the environment through sensors, reasoning on what is perceived, deciding on the best action, and acting accordingly through actuators, which may modify the environment.\"}]","A Definition of AI - Main Capabilities and Scientific Disciplines | PDF",23]