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The study examines how crisis context shapes high- or low-hope leadership attributes, how high-hope leadership practices appear in post-crisis recovery, and how low-hope expressions emerge during and afterward. Findings highlight hope’s role in cultivating inclusive, equitable school climates and strengthening resilience amid overlapping crises and educational challenges.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-continuum-of-expressions-of-hope-and-the-influence-on-leadership-through-times-of-crisis/590253/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-continuum-of-expressions-of-hope-and-the-influence-on-leadership-through-times-of-crisis/590253.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Adam","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the focus of the study on leadership and hope?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study investigates how principals express hope and hopelessness and how these expressions relate to leadership actions along a hopeful-to-less-hopeful continuum during and after crises.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the research conducted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"An extensive qualitative study was conducted from 2019 to 2022 with 50 principals, examining how they expressed hope in different degrees.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why is hope considered important for crisis leadership in schools?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Hope is portrayed as essential for effective leadership during crisis, supporting staff well-being, encouraging trust and shared purpose, and helping leaders navigate adversity rather than fear and despair.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},590253,1792168126,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},1374404737137,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","AERA Open  \nJanuary-December 2024, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 1–14 DOI: 10. 1177/23328584241267785  \nArticle reuse guidelines: [sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)© The Author(s) 2024. [https://journals.sagepub.com/home/ero](https://journals.sagepub.com/home/ero)  \nA Continuum of Expressions of Hope and the Influence on Leadership  \nThrough Times of Crisis  \nPatricia Virella  \nMontclair State University  \nGiven today’s crisis-laden context filled with educational challenges, it is critical to understand how principals express hope  through their leadership to navigate these challenges. Through an extensive qualitative research study conducted in 2019– 2022, I examined how 50 principals expressed and used hope in varying degrees to hinder or facilitate increased outcomes, inclusivity, and stable recovery post-crisis to design a better future for their school communities. In so doing, I describe (a) how the context in which principals lead lends itself to expressing high-or low-hope leadership attributes; (b) principals’expressions of high-hope leadership during and post-crisis; and (c) principals’expressions of low-hope leadership during and post-crisis. Identifying expressions of hope leadership practices with the potential to cultivate inclusive, equitable school climates proves vital, given the complexity of leadership today and the myriad crises leaders face.  \nKeywords: crisis leadership, hope theory, leadership, qualitative research, social context, social justice  \n“There is light in darkness, you just have to find it.”  \n—Hooks, 2003 “Everything done in the world is done by hope.”  \n—Luther, 1556  \nIntroduction  \nWe live in a world where it is easy to lose hope. In today’s climate, crises overlap consistently and never seem to end. Leaders still face recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, experience high rates of school shootings, and address inequitable attacks on marginalized populations through policies (Tintoré et al., 2022) . Nevertheless, leaders are expected to increase achievement while determining if they want to stay in the profession. With all these compounding factors, hope is often overlooked. However, the power of hope in leadership, as discussed by Snyder (2002) and critical scholars such as Freire (2021), can potentially deepen our understanding of crisis leadership in schools.  \nHope is an essential component of effective leadership, particularly during times of crisis. I apply Snyder’s (2000) definition of hope as believing that one can succeed and make a positive impact despite adversity. Research suggests that emotionally intelligent school leaders, who can regulate their own emotions and provide emotional support to staff, are better equipped to promote the well-being of educators during  \ncrises such as the COVID-19 pandemic (Floman et al., 2024; Petriglieri, 2020). By cultivating hope, these leaders help their teams navigate challenges and uncertainty rather than succumbing to fear and despair. Effective crisis leaders also take personal responsibility for difficult decisions, show empathy for those affected, and ensure everyone is on the same page before moving forward. These actions help foster trust and a shared sense of purpose, which is crucial for maintaining hope and resilience. In the education sector, the need for hopeful and emotionally supportive leadership has never been greater as schools face the ongoing mental health impacts ofthe pandemic, political pressures, and staffing shortages. Investing in developing these leadership skills can help reduce the harmful effects of educator burnout and turnover.  \nDespite being employed across a range of disciplines, including economics (Al Guindy, 2022), activism (Kleres & Wettergren, 2017), and politics (Condit, n.d.), hope is seldom explored in the realm of education. Instead, education is most often framed as a system needing reformation. The field of education still needs to addre","cbCaiaomzZhPaLMy","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaomzZhPaLMy","pdf",423625,14,"English","# Introduction\n## Hope in crisis leadership\n## Gap in educational leadership research","[{\"question\":\"What is the focus of the study on leadership and hope?\",\"answer\":\"The study investigates how principals express hope and hopelessness and how these expressions relate to leadership actions along a hopeful-to-less-hopeful continuum during and after crises.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research conducted?\",\"answer\":\"An extensive qualitative study was conducted from 2019 to 2022 with 50 principals, examining how they expressed hope in different degrees.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is hope considered important for crisis leadership in schools?\",\"answer\":\"Hope is portrayed as essential for effective leadership during crisis, supporting staff well-being, encouraging trust and shared purpose, and helping leaders navigate adversity rather than fear and despair.\"}]","A Continuum of Expressions of Hope and the Influence on Leadership - Through Times of Crisis | PDF",1792069177,35]