[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-592307-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":80,"doc-detail-592307-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","a-computer-system-to-rate-the-variety-of-color-in-drawings-brief-report","A Computer System to Rate the Variety of Color in Drawings - Brief Report","","Art assessment supports mental health professionals in evaluating clients’ emotional status and diagnosis. This correlational study introduces “variety of color” as a color-related artwork element representing a comprehensive use of color beyond subjective rater impressions. Children’s crayon drawings (N=52) were rated by human clinicians and by a computer system detecting color count and edge length between colors. Human and computer ratings showed high correlation, supporting the system as an aid for art assessment.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-computer-system-to-rate-the-variety-of-color-in-drawings-brief-report/592307/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-computer-system-to-rate-the-variety-of-color-in-drawings-brief-report/592307.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Grenda","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-09","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":26},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What is the study’s main idea about color in drawings?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"The study introduces “variety of color” as a new color-related element for art assessment, reflecting a comprehensive use of color in an artwork.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How does the computer system rate drawings in this research?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"It rates variety of color by automatically detecting the number of colors used and the length of edges where colors change.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"Why are computer-aided ratings considered valuable for art assessment?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"Because traditional art rating is subjective and may vary across raters; an objective tool could provide consistent support for human assessment.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},592307,1792074282,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,105,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":106,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":26,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":106,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":79,"read_time":143,"preview_page_count":4},7971474921005,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","B rief Report  \nA Computer System to Rate the Variety of Color in Drawings  \nSeong-in Kim and Ibrahim A. Hameed, Seoul, Korea  \nAbstract  \nFor mental health professionals, art assessment is a useful tool for patient evaluation and diagnosis. Consideration of various color-related elements is important in art assessment. This correlational study introduces the concept of variety of color as a new color-related element of an artwork. This term represents a comprehensive use of color, which is a trait that is usually subjectively assessed by a rater’s personal knowledge, experience, feeling, and intuition. A sample of children’s crayon drawings (N = 52) were evaluated both by human ratersand also by a computer system that rated the variety of color present in each artwork by automatically detecting the number of colors used and the length of edges between colors. Comparing the human ratings with the computer ratings showed a high correlation of the results, leading to a conclusion that the computer system can be a useful aid for art assessment by human raters.  \nIntroduction  \nArt assessment is widely accepted as a valuable clinical technique for mental health professionals (Oster & Gould, 2004) . Many art assessment tools have been developed for rating the various elements in a drawing so as to provide helpful information regarding a patient’s diagnosis and emotional state. Historically, the use of color in a drawing has been considered an important a factor in art assessment, along with other elements such as theme, line, and form (Ghaffurian, 1995) . Rorschach (1951) regarded color as a means for revealing a person’s emotion. Some art therapists have reported that child victims of severe sexual abuse (Malchiodi, 1990) and patients suffering from depression (Gantt & Tabone, 1998; Wadeson, 1980) tend to use only one or two colors in their drawings. In one study, patients  \nEditor’s note: Seong-in Kim, PhD, is Professor of Industrial Engineering at Korea University, with a research interest in developing new expert systems for art therapy. Ibrahim A. Hameed is a PhD candidate at Korea University. This report was presented atthe 2007 Annual Conference of the American Art Therapy Association, Albuquerque, NM. The research was supported by the Second Brain Korea 21 Project. Correspondence concerning this report may be addressed to [tennis@korea.ac.kr](tennis@korea.ac.kr)  \ndiagnosed with substance abuse used less color than patients in a comparison group (Francis, Kaiser, & Deaver, 2003) . Children who have experienced natural disasters tend to use a limited number of colors (not more than two or three) and a palette mostly consisting of black, white, and sometimes red (Gregorian, Azarian, DeMaria, & McDonald, 1996). Survivors of trauma often express their psychological pain, anxiety, fear, sorrow, loneliness, and hopelessness by selecting particular colors, as do other patient populations.  \nA drawing contains various color-related elements that are believed to reveal the client’s emotional status at the time of its creation. These elements include the number of colors used, the hues chosen, the prominence of color, the emotional tone, and the degree of color mix. Most art assessments include various color-related elements in their rating systems (Kim, Bae, & Lee, 2007) . For example, the rating system of the Diagnostic Drawing Series by Cohen (1986/1994) incorporates color type, blending, and idiosyncratic use of color; the Formal Elements Art Therapy Scale rating system (Gantt & Tabone, 1998) includes prominence of color and color fit. We propose variety of color in drawings as a new color-related element in art assessment.  \nDrawings can be used to determine the progress of patient treatment (Betts, 2006) . In art therapy, for instance, an assessment can be administered at the onset of treatment, during its middle phase, and again upon termination. However, the limitation common to all art assessments and the research underlying","cbCaioyCrNhJf5MP","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioyCrNhJf5MP","pdf",296240,"English","# Introduction\n## Background on art assessment and color\n## Subjectivity and need for objective tools\n# Variety of color concept\n## Definition and measurement approach\n## Computer system methods","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main idea about color in drawings?\",\"answer\":\"The study introduces “variety of color” as a new color-related element for art assessment, reflecting a comprehensive use of color in an artwork.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the computer system rate drawings in this research?\",\"answer\":\"It rates variety of color by automatically detecting the number of colors used and the length of edges where colors change.\"},{\"question\":\"Why are computer-aided ratings considered valuable for art assessment?\",\"answer\":\"Because traditional art rating is subjective and may vary across raters; an objective tool could provide consistent support for human assessment.\"}]","A Computer System to Rate the Variety of Color in Drawings - Brief Report | PDF",18]