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The study compared an individually tailored asthma self-management program (n=44) using an andragogical framework with a standardized program (n=44) to determine effects on adult asthma control. A comparative pretest-posttest design assessed outcomes via the Asthma Control Test and peak expiratory flow, using independent t-tests, chi-square, and repeated-measures modeling. Education needs remain, as over 50% reported no prior asthma education.",{"@graph":69,"@context":125},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-comparison-of-an-individually-tailored-and-a-standardized-asthma-self-management-education-research-article/592250/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-comparison-of-an-individually-tailored-and-a-standardized-asthma-self-management-education-research-article/592250.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Grenda","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117,121],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What was the purpose of the study on asthma education?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"The study examined and compared how individually tailored versus standardized asthma self-management education affected adult asthma control.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How were asthma control outcomes measured?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"The Asthma Control Test (ACT) and peak expiratory flow readings were collected before and after the education interventions.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What did the results show about ACT and symptoms?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"There was a significant difference in ACT scores from pre- to post-test and a decrease in the mean number of shortness-of-breath episodes after education, regardless of the teaching method.",{"name":122,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":123},"What did the paper indicate about prior asthma education and educator responsibility?",{"text":124,"@type":112},"Over 50% of participants reported not receiving previous asthma education, and the paper emphasizes that health educators should actively provide asthma education tailored to learner needs and setting.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":127,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":129,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":131,"site_id":62},592250,1792074166,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":134},{"doc_id":131,"user_id":135,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":136,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":137,"file_id":138,"file_url":139,"file_type":140,"file_size":141,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":34,"language":142,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":143,"faqs":144,"seo_title":145,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":132,"read_time":146},7971474921005,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Research Article  \nA comparison of an Individually tailored and a Standardized Asthma Self-Management Education  \nJudy Shackelford and Jean H. Bachman  \nABSTRACT  \nBackground: Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the United States and can be life-threatening. There are a rising number of adults with asthma that cannot be prevented or cured but may be controlled. Selfmanagement education is essential for long-term asthma control; however, the most effective type of education is unknown. Purpose: The study examined and compared effects of an individually tailored (n = 44) anda standardized (n = 44) asthma self-management program on adult asthma control. The individually tailored education utilized anandragogical framework. Methods: A comparative, pretest-posttest design was used. Education curricula were based on National Asthma Education Prevention Program guidelines. Asthma Control Test (ACT) and Peak Expiratory Flow readings were pre and post-test measures. Independent t-test, chi-square, and repeated measure general linear model compared groups. Results: A significant difference in ACT scores between pre and post-test (F = 4.43, p = 0.038) and a decrease in mean number episodes of shortness of breath (F =6.22, p = 0.015), regardless of asthma teaching method was found. Over 50% of participants reported not receiving previous asthma education. Physicians were the primary source of education reported. Discussion: Asthma education is needed. Both the standardized and individually tailored education may improve asthma control. Translation to Health Education Practice: Health educators must take an active role in providing asthma education based on the rising number of adults with asthma and reports of those receiving no education. Practitioners can determine the type of education based on the setting and learner needs.  \nShackelford J, Bachman JH.. A comparison of an individually tailored and a standardized asthma self-management education. Am J Health Educ. 2009;40(1):23-29. This paper was submitted to the Journal on May 23, 2008, revised and accepted for publication on August 23, 2008  \nbAckGRound  \nAsthma is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases and can be life-threatening despite the existence of effective treatment.  \nDespite the existence of effective treatments there is often a lack of effective self-management by adults with asthma. Whereas many studies focus on children, there are a rising number of adults with asthma who do not outgrow childhood asthma. Consequently, there is a growing need to be responsive to health care needs of adults with asthma.  \nCurrently, more than 30 million people have diagnosed asthma. There are 23 million adults compared to 9 million children.1 Although asthma mortality is not as high as heart disease, stroke, or cancer, it impacts more people and has a greater incidence and prevalence than diabetes, heart disease, stroke, or cancer.  \nIn the United States, there are greater than 4,000 deaths reported annually from asthma, and the majority of these deaths are adults with 1.4 deaths per 100,000 adults compared  \nto 0.3 deaths per 100,000 children. 1,2 With the increase in prevalence among children and the aging population,2 it is evident that the number of adults impacted by asthma  \nJudy Shackelford is an assistant professor in the Department of Nursing, St. John’s College, Springfield, IL 62702; E-mail: judy.shackelford@ [st-johns.org. Jean H. Bachman](st-johns.org. Jean H. Bachman) is an assistant professor in the College of Nursing, University of Missouri, St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121-4400.  \nAmerican Journal of Health Education—January/February 2009, Volume 40, No. 1 23  \nJudy Shackelford and Jean H. Bachman  \nwill continue to rise.  \nWhereas current evidence establishes the need for education to support asthma selfmanagement,3 there is a paucity of evidence to suggest the appropriate amount of time, setting, and content to optimize asthma outcomes. There is a ","cbCaii55x4lkhAty","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaii55x4lkhAty","pdf",138796,"English","# Abstract\n# Background\n# Model\n## Adult Asthma Self-Management Education and Asthma Control Model\n# Methods and Outcomes","[{\"question\":\"What was the purpose of the study on asthma education?\",\"answer\":\"The study examined and compared how individually tailored versus standardized asthma self-management education affected adult asthma control.\"},{\"question\":\"How were asthma control outcomes measured?\",\"answer\":\"The Asthma Control Test (ACT) and peak expiratory flow readings were collected before and after the education interventions.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the results show about ACT and symptoms?\",\"answer\":\"There was a significant difference in ACT scores from pre- to post-test and a decrease in the mean number of shortness-of-breath episodes after education, regardless of the teaching method.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the paper indicate about prior asthma education and educator responsibility?\",\"answer\":\"Over 50% of participants reported not receiving previous asthma education, and the paper emphasizes that health educators should actively provide asthma education tailored to learner needs and setting.\"}]","A comparison of an Individually tailored and a Standardized Asthma Self-Management Education - Research Article | PDF",18]