[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-592880-105":59,"doc-detail-592880-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","a-comparative-study-of-the-leadership-behavior-of-freshman-and-final-year-undergraduate-students","A Comparative Study of the Leadership Behavior of Freshman and Final Year Undergraduate Students","","This study examines university students’ leadership levels by comparing freshmen and final-year undergraduate students using qualitative and quantitative approaches within a scanning model. The universe includes Akdeniz University students in the 2019–20 academic year, with a simple random sample of 175 sport sciences students. Data were analyzed using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests. Overall leadership levels were high, with differences across leadership sub-dimensions; recommendations target increased self-confidence, responsibility, reliability, and persuasion skills to address gaps.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-comparative-study-of-the-leadership-behavior-of-freshman-and-final-year-undergraduate-students/592880/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-comparative-study-of-the-leadership-behavior-of-freshman-and-final-year-undergraduate-students/592880.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Marglet","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-28","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What was the purpose of this study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study compared leadership levels between freshman and final-year undergraduate students using multiple variables.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the research data collected and analyzed?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study used the Leadership Qualities Scale (28 items) and analyzed results with nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the main findings about students’ leadership levels?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Students’ overall leadership levels were high, and differences emerged in leadership sub-dimensions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},592880,1792162430,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},2336477982702,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Asian Journal of Education and Training  \nVol. 6, No. 4, 627-635, 2020 ISSN(E) 2519-5387  \nDOI: 10.20448/journal.522.2020.64 .627.635  \n© 2020 by the authors; licensee Asian Online Journal Publishing Group  \nA Comparative Study of the Leadership Behavior of Freshman and Final Year Undergraduate Students  \nMihriay Musa   \nUsak University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Department of Coaching Education, Usak/Turkey.  \nAbstract  \nThis study was conducted to examine the leadership levels of university students by comparing them according to various variables. In our research, both qualitative and quantitative methods were used with the scanning model. The universe of the study consisted of the freshman and final year undergraduate students studying at Akdeniz University in the 2019-20 academic year. A simple random sampling method was used to determine the study group. The research sample determined in this way was composed of 175 students studying in the first and last years of the Faculty of Sport Sciences, Teaching, Coaching, Management, and Recreation Departments, respectively. In this study, the Leadership Qualities Scale, which was developed by Cansoy and Turan (2016) and consists of 28 questions, was used. Kruskal Wallis H test and Mann-Whitney U tests, which are nonparametric, were used to analyze the data. The leadership level of the students was found to be high. A difference was determined in leadership sub-dimensions. To eliminate these differences; self-confidence levels of teaching, sports management, and recreation department students; the level of responsibility of the students of teaching, coaching and recreation departments; the reliability levels of male students and the persuasion skills of firstyear students should be increased.  \nKeywords: Sport, Leadership, Student, Behavior, Self-confidence, Reliability.  \nCitation | Mihriay Musa (2020) . A Comparative Study of the Leadership Behavior of Freshman and Final Year Undergraduate Students. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 6(4): 627-635. History:  \nReceived: 10 September 2020  \nRevised: 8 October 2020  \nAccepted: 27 October 2020  \nPublished: 16 November 2020  \nLicensed: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License   \nPublisher: Asian Online Journal Publishing Group  \nFunding: This study received no specific financial support.  \nCompeting Interests: The author declares that there are no conflicts of interests regarding the publication of this paper.  \nTransparency: The author confirms that the manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study was reported; that no vital features of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned have been explained.  \nEthical: This study follows all ethical practices during writing.  \nContents  \n1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................... 628  \n2. Method ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 628  \n3. Findings ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 629  \n4. Discussion and Conclusion........................................................................................................................................................... 633  \nReferences ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 634  \nContribution of this paper to the literature  \nThis study contributes to existing literature by examining the leadership levels of university students and compari","cbCaih2CIUYyVC5z","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaih2CIUYyVC5z","pdf",392938,"English","# Introduction\n## Method\n## Findings\n## Discussion and Conclusion\n# References","[{\"question\":\"What was the purpose of this study?\",\"answer\":\"The study compared leadership levels between freshman and final-year undergraduate students using multiple variables.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the research data collected and analyzed?\",\"answer\":\"The study used the Leadership Qualities Scale (28 items) and analyzed results with nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis H and Mann-Whitney U tests.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings about students’ leadership levels?\",\"answer\":\"Students’ overall leadership levels were high, and differences emerged in leadership sub-dimensions.\"}]","A Comparative Study of the Leadership Behavior of Freshman and Final Year Undergraduate Students | PDF",1792076062,23]