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Using a pre-test and post-test design, the study compares learning outcomes from the two treatments. Results show descriptive writing skills improve under both PPP and Artworks, though normalized gains remain in the low criterion. Data analysis also indicates a significant difference between the two techniques, and a response questionnaire shows students’ positive attitudes with a high mean score.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-comparative-study-between-presentation-practice-productive-ppp-and-artworks-techniques-toward-the-enhancement-of-students-descriptive-writing-skills/588960/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-comparative-study-between-presentation-practice-productive-ppp-and-artworks-techniques-toward-the-enhancement-of-students-descriptive-writing-skills/588960.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Nguyễn Văn Học","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-05","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the purpose of this study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To determine whether there is a significant difference in improving students’ descriptive writing skills between the PPP technique and the Artworks technique.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the study compare the two techniques?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It uses a quantitative comparative design with pre-test and post-test results to compare the outcomes of PPP and Artworks treatments.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do the results indicate about student writing improvement?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Students’ descriptive writing skills are achieved under both techniques, normalized gain scores fall in the low criterion, and there is a significant difference between PPP and Artworks.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},588960,1792924131,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},1374402739827,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000c97e7351f1a627?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1787885694763230660","A Comparative Study between Presentation, Practice, Productive (PPP) and Artworks Techniques toward the Enhancement of Students’ Descriptive  \nWriting Skills  \nFransiska Masta Rotua Silalahi  \nEmail address: frans_[mazt@yahoo.co.id](mazt@yahoo.co.id)  \nEnglish Teacher at TK, SD, SMP Advent II, Bandung  \nABSTRACT  \nThe aim of this study is to find out whether there is any significant difference in enhancing students’ descriptive writing skills between students who acquires Presentation, Practice, Production (PPP) and students who acquires Artworks Technique. This is a quantitative study, utilizing comparative design in order to compare different treatments toward students’ enhancement in descriptive writing skills. The researcher compares the result through pre-test and post-test. After analyzing the data, the researcher found out after being treated using two techniques: PPP and Artworks, students’ skills in descriptive writing is achieved. However, the normalized gain score falls in Low criterion. Aside from that, based on the data analysis there is significant difference between two techniques: PPP and Artworks in enhancing students’descriptive writing skills. In addition to that, the students give positive response after being treated. From the response questionnaire, the mean score falls in High criterion. The scope and delimitations of this study evolve around components of two techniques: PPP and Artworks to provide insights toward enhancing students’ ability in writing descriptive text.  \nKeywords Presentation Practice Production (PPP), Artworks, Descriptive Writing Skills  \nINTRODUCTION  \nLearning English language leads students to learn four macro skills; they are speaking, listening, reading and writing. Practically, writing is taught to be the last skill after speaking, listening and reading. However, it does not mean that writing is not imperative of all skills. As a matter of fact, writing is life that presents human emotions as well as human experiences. Sharples (cited in Sumarsih & Sanjaya, 2013) actually said that writing is an opportunity which allows English learners to explore and explain  \nideas or thoughts. They can deliberate their ideas in their minds by organizing them into effective paragraphs.  \nHowever, Warschauer (cited in Kitchakarn, 2014) stated that writing can be considered as an irksome learning experience for some students who do not have sufficient ideas, knowledge and skills to process. Richards and Renandya (2003) concurred that writing is difficult skill to develop for second language learners because in order to write an effective writing, a person must comprehend the writing components of the target language. In addition to that, Grabe and Kaplan (1996) assumed that half of the world’s population have low ability to write adequately and effectively. There are several obstacles in writing English that students encounter such as limited knowledge and skills in English structure, limited word choices, and culture influence which have been researched by many researchers in this field (Ghabool, Marriadas & Kashed, 2012; Kaewnuch, 2008: Kamimura, 2010; Wong, Chin, Chen & Gao, 2009 as cited in Sufatmi and Aizan, 2016). Therefore, learning to write has always been one of the most complex language skills. Nunan (1989) agreed that it is easier to learn to speak than to write no matter if it is the first or second language. It is not an easy task to enhance since it requires hard work, lengthy steps, enough time, and more practice.  \nIn teaching writing to English learners, teachers often introduce the four most common types of writing (Richards & Schmidts, 2002 cited in Suyatmi & Yaacob, 2016) . However, of all four types of writing, descriptive writing is the most basic form of writing. Therefore, in order to improve learners’ writing skills, teachers can start by requiring their students to write descriptive text. Descriptive text is one genre that is imperative to be learned by English learner","cbCaidZpyoDQV0MN","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidZpyoDQV0MN","pdf",45520,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Writing skills and key challenges\n## Descriptive writing as a foundational genre\n## Teaching approaches: PPP and Artworks\n## PPP technique stages and focus\n## Artworks technique and learner imagination","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of this study?\",\"answer\":\"To determine whether there is a significant difference in improving students’ descriptive writing skills between the PPP technique and the Artworks technique.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study compare the two techniques?\",\"answer\":\"It uses a quantitative comparative design with pre-test and post-test results to compare the outcomes of PPP and Artworks treatments.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the results indicate about student writing improvement?\",\"answer\":\"Students’ descriptive writing skills are achieved under both techniques, normalized gain scores fall in the low criterion, and there is a significant difference between PPP and Artworks.\"}]","A Comparative Study between Presentation, Practice, Productive (PPP) and Artworks Techniques toward the Enhancement of Students’ Descriptive Writing Skills | PDF",1792066274]