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Using purposive sampling and a semi-structured interview protocol consistent with cooperative inquiry, the research describes instructors’ perspectives from within their current online teaching and course development. Participants emphasized the need for quality interaction to support distance learning, while also identifying barriers to achieving desired human relationships. The study highlights collaboration, caring, and contextual design as key to effective online instruction.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/a-case-study-of-online-instructors-and-their-quest-for-greater-interactivity-in-their-courses-overcoming-the-distance-in-distance-education/593591/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/a-case-study-of-online-instructors-and-their-quest-for-greater-interactivity-in-their-courses-overcoming-the-distance-in-distance-education/593591.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jasmine","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the study examine about online teaching?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study examines instructors’ attitudes and experiences regarding how they intentionally build interaction in web-based teacher education courses.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were participants and data collected?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Seven higher education instructors participated, and data were gathered through purposive sampling and a semi-structured interview protocol.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What barriers and needs did instructors report?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Instructors reported a need to establish quality interactions across distance courses, while recognizing perceived barriers to reaching desired levels of human relationship.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},593591,1792193267,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36,"preview_page_count":4},2336478487870,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Australian Journal of Teacher Education  \n\n| Volume 40 | Issue 4 | Article 5 |\n| --- | --- |\n| 2015\u003Cbr>A Case Study of Online Instructors and Their Quest for Greater Interactivity in Their Courses: Overcoming the Distance in Distance Education\u003Cbr>John A. Huss\u003Cbr>Northern Kentucky University, [hussj@nku.edu](hussj@nku.edu)\u003Cbr>Orly Sela\u003Cbr>Oranim Academic College of Education, [orlysela@oranim.ac.il](orlysela@oranim.ac.il)\u003Cbr>Shannon Eastep\u003Cbr>Northern Kentucky University, [easteps1@nku.edu](easteps1@nku.edu) |  |\n\nRecommended Citation  \nHuss, J. A., Sela, O., & Eastep, S. (2015). A Case Study of Online Instructors and Their Quest for Greater Interactivity in Their Courses: Overcoming the Distance in Distance Education. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 40 (4).  \nRetrieved from [http://ro.ecu.edu.au/ajte/vol40/iss4/5](http://ro.ecu.edu.au/ajte/vol40/iss4/5)  \nThis Journal Article is posted at Research Online.  \n[http://ro.ecu.edu.au/ajte/vol40/iss4/5](http://ro.ecu.edu.au/ajte/vol40/iss4/5)  \nAustralian Journal of Teacher Education  \nA Case Study of Online Instructors and Their Quest for Greater Interactivity in Their Courses: Overcoming the Distance in Distance Education  \nJohn Huss  \nShannon Eastep  \nNorthern Kentucky University (United States)  \nOrly Sela  \nOranim Academic College of Education (Israel)  \nAbstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the attitudes and  \nexperiences of seven online instructors in Teacher Education (three from  \nthe United States, four from Israel) pertaining to the deliberate efforts they  \nmake to build interaction into their web-based classes to support learning.  \nIn the tradition of cooperative inquiry, the use of purposive sampling and  \na semi-structured interview protocol provided the best opportunity to  \ndescribe, rather than explain, the perspectives of these instructors who are  \ncurrently teaching online and developing within this medium. Participants  \nexpressed the need to establish quality interactions throughout their  \ndistance courses, yet acknowledged barriers they perceive in attaining  \ndesired levels of human relationship. They also discussed the importance  \nof collaboration, caring, and context when creating and teaching courses  \nin an online environment.  \nIntroduction  \nThere is little dispute that online education has experienced an impressive, and, at times, spectacular, rate of growth in the past decade. As recently as 2013, the total number of students in the United States taking at least one online course had risen to 7.1 million, which proportionally is 33.5% of all higher education students (Allen & Seaman, 2014) . Yet, the totals from 2013 revealed a smaller increase in the absolute number of additional online students and the lowest ever growth percentage since 2002 (Allen & Seaman, 2014) . While far from a collapse, some interesting data are indeed beginning to emerge, much of it related to institutional confidence in the overall comparability in quality between online and face-to-face classes. Such a concern, of course, had arisen early in the online learning escalation. In 2003, close to 43% of academic officers reported that distance education was inferior to on-campus instruction. That number dropped to 23% by 2009, but had risen back to 26% in 2013 (Allen & Seaman, 2014) . A comprehensive analysis of the literature by Tallent-Runnels, Thomas, Lan, Cooper, Ahern, Shaw and Liu (2006) may provide insight as to a critical concern shared by many university leaders. A perception exists that the depth of interaction and discussion is not equivalent to traditional faceto-face class sessions. In addition to institutional unease, students themselves report a feeling of isolation and disappointment when there is a lack of interaction and professor presence in their online courses (Xu & Jaggars, 2013) .  \nWhen considering our own roles as online instructors and instructional designers, as well as our commitment to pedagogical support and development wit","cbCaifVHrCA9RsOy","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifVHrCA9RsOy","pdf",149191,16,"English","# Introduction\n## Study purpose and rationale\n## Participants and approach","[{\"question\":\"What does the study examine about online teaching?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines instructors’ attitudes and experiences regarding how they intentionally build interaction in web-based teacher education courses.\"},{\"question\":\"How were participants and data collected?\",\"answer\":\"Seven higher education instructors participated, and data were gathered through purposive sampling and a semi-structured interview protocol.\"},{\"question\":\"What barriers and needs did instructors report?\",\"answer\":\"Instructors reported a need to establish quality interactions across distance courses, while recognizing perceived barriers to reaching desired levels of human relationship.\"}]","A Case Study of Online Instructors and Their Quest for Greater Interactivity in Their Courses: Overcoming the Distance in Distance Education | PDF",1792077538]