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The document explains orthography and sound patterns, then systematically covers clause types, phrase structures, noun classes, noun inflection features, and how noun phrases are modified. It further addresses pronouns, possession, verb marking for person, tense and aspect, grammatical relations, semantic roles, and common verbal derivations. It emphasizes accessibility and avoids a full comprehensive description.","A Brief Grammar of [your language]  \nEnglish  \nA Brief Grammar of [your language]  \n[your name]  \nEnglish  \nCopyright © 2016, SIL International  \nYou may not use this work for commercial purposes. You may adapt and add to this work, but you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. You must keep the copyright and credits for authors, illustrators, etc.  \nTABLE OF CONTENTS  \n0 Preface  \n1 Introduction (will not be graded)  \n1.1 Orthography  \n1.2 Sounds and Example words  \n1.3 Vowels  \n1.4 Consonants  \n1.5 Outline  \n1.6 Different kinds of words  \n2 Clause Structure  \n2.1 Transitive Clause  \n2.2 Intransitive Clause  \n2.3 Attributive Clause  \n2.4 Equative Clause  \n2.5 Locational Clause  \n2.6 Possessive Clause  \n2.7 Existential Clause  \n3 Phrases  \n3.1 Noun Phrase  \n3.2 Verb Phrase  \n3.3 Postpositional Phrase (can be adapted to reflect your language)  \n3.4 Adjective Phrase (can be adapted to reflect your language)  \n4 Noun  \n4.1 Concrete Nouns  \n4.2 Abstract Nouns  \n4.3 Proper Nouns  \n4.4 Mass Nouns  \n5 Noun Inflection [subsections to be adapted!]  \n5.1 Singular and Plural  \n5.2 Gender  \n6 Modifying the Noun Phrase  \n6.1 Demonstratives  \n6.2 Numerals  \n6.3 Adjectives  \n6.4 Number Marking on Adjectives  \n6.5 The order of Elements in a Noun Phrase  \n7 Pronouns and Possessives  \n7.1 Pronouns  \n7.2 Possessive Nouns (no grading)  \n7.3 Possessive Pronouns (no grading)  \n7.4 Object Pronouns (if not mentioned in 7.1. no grading)  \n7.5 Logophoric Pronoun (if applicable, no grading)  \n8 Verbs  \n8.1 Person marking on the Verb  \n8.2 Tense and Aspect marking with the Verb  \n8.3 Positive and Negative Verbs  \n9 Grammatical Relations and Semantic Roles  \n9.1 System of Grammatical Relations  \n9.2 Semantic Roles  \n10 Verbal Derivation  \n10.1 Causative  \n10.2 Applicative with Benefactive  \n10.3 Instrumental (change to Antipassive)  \n10.4 Reciprocal  \n10.5 Reflexive  \n10.6 Passive  \n10.7 Combinations of Verbal Derivations (no grading)  \n10.7.1 Causative + Passive (no grading)  \n[the following sections may be renumbered as 11 Adverbs]  \n10.8 Local Adverbs (no grading)  \n10.9 Temporal Adverbs (no grading)  \n10.10 Modal Adverbs, Manner Adverbs (no grading)  \n11 Story (No grading. Bring Next Year!)  \n0 Preface  \nThis brief grammar was developed and written during a two months SILi-DELTA course held from June [to July 20... at](to July 20... at) Bible Translation & Literacy International Conference Centre in Ruiru, Nairobi, Kenya. The purpose of this book is to make the ... community aware of the wealth and variation it inherited with the ... language. The language possesses an intricate system of forms and rules, which all speakers use in their daily lives, often without being consciously aware of them. Many of these forms and rules are presented in this little book.  \nIt also needs to be pointed out that the purpose of this book is not to present a full and comprehensive description of the ... language. This would be beyond the scope of this work, and it would require a different approach to the language. Many forms of the ... language are not even mentioned in here, and some areas of the... grammar have been omitted from this work. Also this book attempts to use terminology which is understandable by a wide audience. The hope is even that it can be translated into the ... language to make it fully accessible to all ... speakers. Therefore this book will disappoint everybody who wants to see a description of ... according to the latest linguistic models and terminology.  \n1 Introduction [no grading]  \n... is a tonal language in which pitch can change the meaning of a word (lexical) or the part of speech (grammatical). With the help of tone marks written above the vowels and vowel quality marks marked under the vowel, the reader will quickly read the ... word without guessing which word it could have meant.  \nThe ... language is spoken by the ... ... The descriptions in the book were made by ...  \n1.1 Orthograph","cbCaiu37DAf0fQDh","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiu37DAf0fQDh","pdf",218677,1,34,"English","en",105,"# Preface\n# Introduction\n## Orthography\n## Sounds and Example Words\n## Vowels\n## Consonants\n## Outline\n# Clause Structure\n## Transitive Clause\n## Intransitive Clause\n## Attributive Clause\n## Equative Clause\n## Locational Clause\n## Possessive Clause\n## Existential Clause\n# Phrases\n## Noun Phrase\n## Verb Phrase\n## Postpositional Phrase\n## Adjective Phrase\n# Noun\n## Concrete Nouns\n## Abstract Nouns\n## Proper Nouns\n## Mass Nouns\n# Noun Inflection\n## Singular and Plural\n## Gender\n# Modifying the Noun Phrase\n## Demonstratives\n## Numerals\n## Adjectives\n## Number Marking on Adjectives\n## The order of Elements in a Noun Phrase\n# Pronouns and Possessives\n## Pronouns\n## Possessive Nouns\n## Possessive Pronouns\n## Object Pronouns\n## Logophoric Pronoun\n# Verbs\n## Person marking on the Verb\n## Tense and Aspect marking with the Verb\n## Positive and Negative Verbs\n# Grammatical Relations and Semantic Roles\n## System of Grammatical Relations\n## Semantic Roles\n# Verbal Derivation\n## Causative\n## Applicative with Benefactive\n## Instrumental\n## Reciprocal\n## Reflexive\n## Passive\n# Adverbs\n## Local Adverbs\n## Temporal Adverbs\n## Modal Adverbs and Manner Adverbs\n# Story","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the grammar sketch?\",\"answer\":\"It aims to make the community aware of the wealth and variation in the language’s forms and rules, presenting many key patterns used in daily life. It is not intended to be a full comprehensive description, and some forms are omitted.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book help readers read words in a tonal language?\",\"answer\":\"It explains that the language is tonal, where pitch can change meaning at lexical or grammatical level. Tone marks above vowels and vowel quality marks under the vowel guide correct reading without guessing meaning.\"},{\"question\":\"Which major grammatical areas does the document cover?\",\"answer\":\"It covers clause structure, phrase structures, nouns and noun inflection, modification within noun phrases, pronouns and possession, verb marking (person, tense, aspect, polarity), grammatical relations and semantic roles, and verb derivations.\"},{\"question\":\"Does the grammar sketch focus on verbal derivation?\",\"answer\":\"Yes. 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It is not intended to be a full comprehensive description, and some forms are omitted.","Answer",{"name":76,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":77},"How does the book help readers read words in a tonal language?",{"text":78,"@type":74},"It explains that the language is tonal, where pitch can change meaning at lexical or grammatical level. Tone marks above vowels and vowel quality marks under the vowel guide correct reading without guessing meaning.",{"name":80,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":81},"Which major grammatical areas does the document cover?",{"text":82,"@type":74},"It covers clause structure, phrase structures, nouns and noun inflection, modification within noun phrases, pronouns and possession, verb marking (person, tense, aspect, polarity), grammatical relations and semantic roles, and verb derivations.",{"name":84,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":85},"Does the grammar sketch focus on verbal derivation?",{"text":86,"@type":74},"Yes. 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