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It defines core devices used in prose and writing, including allegory, alliteration, allusion, anaphora, antecedent, antimetabole, antithesis, aphorism, apostrophe, asyndeton, and key sentence-structure terms like clause. 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In some allegories, for example, an author may intend the characters to personify an abstraction like hope or freedom. The allegorical meaning usually deals with moral truth or a generalization about human existence.  \nalliteration – The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in “she sells sea shells”) . Although the term is not frequently in the multiple choice section , you can look for alliteration in any essay passage. The repetition can reinforce meaning, unify ideas, supply a musical sound, and/or echo the sense of the passage.  \nallusion – A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place,or work of art. Allusions can be historical, literary, religious, topical, or mythical. There are many more possibilities, and a work may simultaneously use multiple layers of allusion.  \nanaphora – A sub-type of parallelism, when the exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences. MLK used anaphora in his famous “I Have a Dream” speech (1963) .  \nantecedent – The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. The AP language exam occasionally asks for the antecedent of a given pronoun in a long, complex sentence or in a group of sentences. A question from the 2001 AP test asan example follows:  \n“But it is the grandeur of all truth which can occupy a very high place in human interests that it is never  \nabsolutely novel to the meanest of minds; it exists eternally, by way of germ of latent principle, in the lowest as in the highest, needing to be developed but never to be planted.”  \nThe antecedent of “it” (bolded) is...? [answer: “all truth”]  \nantimetabole – The repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast. JFK used antimetabole when he said“Ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country.”  \nantithesis – the opposition or contrast of ideas; the direct opposite.  \naphorism – A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. (If the authorship is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb.) An aphorism can be a memorable summation of the author’s point.  \napostrophe – A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. It is an address to someone or something that cannot answer. The effect may add familiarity or emotional intensity. William Wordsworth addresses John Milton as he writes, “Milton, thou shouldst be living at this hour: / England hath need of thee.” Another example is Keats’ “Ode to a Grecian Urn,” in which Keats addresses the urn itself: “Thou still unravished bride of quietness.” Many apostrophes imply a personification of the object addressed.  \nasyndeton – Deliberately leaving our conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses. An example from the Gettysburg Address: “But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.”  \nclause – A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. An independent, or main, clause expresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent, or subordinate clause, cannot stand alone as a sentence and must be accompanied by an independent clause. The point that you want to consider is the question of what or why the author subordinates one element should also become aware of making effective use of subordination in your own writing.  \ncolloquial/colloquialism – The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. Not generally acceptable f","cbCaif58foO5OBBQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaif58foO5OBBQ","pdf",195944,"English","# AP English Language and Composition rhetorical term definitions\n## Literary and rhetorical devices\n## Syntax and word meaning","[{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of the rhetorical terms list for AP English Language?\",\"answer\":\"It supports answering multiple-choice questions, analyzing prose passages, and composing essays by building knowledge of key terminology and devices.\"},{\"question\":\"How do alliteration and allusion differ?\",\"answer\":\"Alliteration repeats sounds (often initial consonant sounds) to reinforce meaning or create musical effects, while allusion references commonly known events, texts, myths, places, or artwork.\"},{\"question\":\"What does 'antecedent' mean in AP-style questions?\",\"answer\":\"The antecedent is the word, phrase, or clause that a pronoun refers to, and AP questions may ask students to identify it in complex sentences.\"}]","40+Rhetorical Terms - AP English Language and Composition | PDF",1790587700]