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A 3D-DLP microneedle patch was engineered with sodium alginate and GelMA, loading 5-FU and graphene oxide quantum dots for chemotherapy plus NIR photothermal activation.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/3d-printed-microneedle-patch-for-the-treatment-of-melanoma-via-synergistic-chemotherapy-and-photothermal-therapy/346506/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/3d-printed-microneedle-patch-for-the-treatment-of-melanoma-via-synergistic-chemotherapy-and-photothermal-therapy/346506.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Finn","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-25","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":30},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"Why are transdermal microneedle patches being explored for melanoma treatment?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"They enable noninvasive, localized delivery of anticancer agents while addressing limitations of systemic chemotherapy such as toxicity and poor targeting. Microneedles can penetrate the epidermis and create microchannels that support diffusion and sustained therapeutic effects.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How does the designed microneedle patch achieve synergistic chemotherapy and photothermal therapy?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"The patch incorporates 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for chemotherapy and graphene oxide quantum dots that generate photothermal activity under near-infrared light (808 nm). Together, these components support both drug release and light-activated heating for enhanced treatment.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What release and photothermal performance was reported for the microneedle patch?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"The patch showed 5-FU burst release of 63% within the first hour and complete 100% release within 96 hours. Under NIR, it reached about 46.3 °C within 5 minutes, indicating strong photothermal properties.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},346506,1790164376,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,105,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":106,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":30,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},34359740700684,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1f400023980c374ae676?_k=1777273430885731487","This article is licensed under CC-BY 4.0   \n[www.acsabm.org](www.acsabm.org)  Article   \n3D-Printed Microneedle Patch for the Treatment of Melanoma via Synergistic Chemotherapy and Photothermal Therapy  \nHilal Yilmaz,* Louna Karzoun, Berfin Ilayda Ozturk Guzelcan, Hakan Sahin, Yagmur Kazancioglu, Mohammad Yaman Habra, Esra Yuca Yilmaz, Elif Guzel, Oguzhan Gunduz, Yavuz Nuri Ertas, * and Cem Bulent Ustundag*  \n Cite This: ACS Appl. Bio Mater. 2026, 9, 1888−1905  \nRead Online  \n\n|  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| ACCESS   | Metrics & More |  |  Article Recommendations |  | *sı Supporting Information |\n\nABSTRACT: Melanoma is a malignant type of skin cancer that originates from pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. Alongside its aggressive trajectory, it is characterized by metastasis. The lack of targeting ability and high toxicity in traditional chemotherapy, along with issues such as the dermal barrier and patient compliance, necessitate local and synergistic treatment approaches. Patches that are part of transdermal drug delivery systems and use hydrogel microneedles to deliver drugs noninvasively, locally, and synergistically, are a recently emerging treatment alternative. In this study, we designed a microneedle patch composed of microneedles produced by 3D digital light processing, which were made of sodium alginate and GelMA. The GelMA support base contained an anticancer drug (5-FU) and graphene oxide quantum dots dispersed in a polyvinylpyrrolidone matrix. Quantum dots conferred photothermal activity under nearinfrared (808 nm) light, whereas 5-FU provided the chemotherapy effect. The microneedle had a height of 917.6 ± 47 μm, tip radius of 26.9 ± 0.4 μm, 5-FU burst release of 63 ± 0.665% within the first hour, and 100% release within 96 h. It exhibited photothermal properties, reaching 46.3 °C within 5 min under the effect of NIR. The patch substantially reduced the viability of cancerous A375 cells, exhibiting suitable mechanical properties for skin penetration, as well as swelling and degradation properties for drug release. The findings suggest that the minimally invasive microneedle platform, which enhances patient compliance, could be a promising solution for melanoma treatment through the synergistic use of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy.  \nKEYWORDS: melanoma, microneedle, 3D-printing, 5-fluorouracil, photothermal therapy  \n1. INTRODUCTION  \nSkin cancer is the most common type ofcancer worldwide. It can result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, with long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light being the most common cause.1 It is a major global health issue that has significant psychosocial effects and requires substantial investment in treatments and technologies.2 Melanoma, a type of skin cancer, is among the most aggressive cancers and is susceptible to metastasis, complicating current clinical treatment.3 It is the sixth most often diagnosed cancer and accounts for a concerning 80% skin cancer-related fatalities. The primary treatment for early stage melanoma involves surgical removal of the tumor. Surgical excision is effective for early localized tumors, but it isnot suitable for metastatic melanoma, frequently resulting in incomplete tumor removal and potential damage to surrounding healthy tissues. For intermediate and advanced stages of melanoma, other treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy are often required, yet chemotherapy becomes the primary treatment at this stage.4 However, the parenteral administration of chemo-  \n© 2026 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society  \ntherapy may induce anxiety, discomfort, and heightened infection risks, particularly in immunocompromised cancer patients. Traditional chemotherapy, though occasionally beneficial, suffers from systemic toxicity, low response rates, and the emergence of drug resistance, which significantly limits its clinical utility.5 No","cbCaieNaf4eN8mQN","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieNaf4eN8mQN","pdf",14051367,18,"English","# ABSTRACT\n# KEYWORDS\n# 1. INTRODUCTION","[{\"question\":\"Why are transdermal microneedle patches being explored for melanoma treatment?\",\"answer\":\"They enable noninvasive, localized delivery of anticancer agents while addressing limitations of systemic chemotherapy such as toxicity and poor targeting. Microneedles can penetrate the epidermis and create microchannels that support diffusion and sustained therapeutic effects.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the designed microneedle patch achieve synergistic chemotherapy and photothermal therapy?\",\"answer\":\"The patch incorporates 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for chemotherapy and graphene oxide quantum dots that generate photothermal activity under near-infrared light (808 nm). Together, these components support both drug release and light-activated heating for enhanced treatment.\"},{\"question\":\"What release and photothermal performance was reported for the microneedle patch?\",\"answer\":\"The patch showed 5-FU burst release of 63% within the first hour and complete 100% release within 96 hours. Under NIR, it reached about 46.3 °C within 5 minutes, indicating strong photothermal properties.\"}]","3D-Printed Microneedle Patch for the Treatment of Melanoma via Synergistic Chemotherapy and Photothermal Therapy | PDF",1790061738,45]