[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-650174-105":59,"doc-detail-650174-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","3-foundations-31-mass-fill-design-requirements","3 - Foundations - 3.1 Mass Fill - Design requirements","","Technical manual guidance for Section 3 “Foundations”, covering functional requirements, workmanship, materials, and design controls. Emphasis is placed on testing and agreed quality control regimes, suitable foundation depth, accurate excavation dimensions, and compliance with Building Regulations for engineered fill and vibratory ground improvement. The 3.1 “Mass Fill” guidance explains limits of coverage, design objectives to manage settlement and tilt, and specific considerations for cohesive soils with nearby trees and clay, including heave protection, pile recommendations, and minimum foundation widths and depths.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/3-foundations-31-mass-fill-design-requirements/650174/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/3-foundations-31-mass-fill-design-requirements/650174.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Marglet","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What testing and quality control requirements must be agreed before starting foundation work?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Ground improvement schemes should be appropriately tested to confirm the completed works meet design specifications. The testing regime must be agreed with the Warranty Surveyor before commencement, and quality control procedures must be in place to verify that site work meets design intention and remains auditable for inspection.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What design limits apply for low-rise buildings under mass filled foundations?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"For low-rise structures, the foundations should be designed so that maximum settlement does not exceed 25 mm. Differential settlements should use an appropriate design limit for maximum tilt of 1/500, with stricter values potentially required depending on circumstances.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does clay soil with plasticity index affect foundation depth under tree influence?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"In clay soils with plasticity index ≥ 10%, foundations should be taken to a depth where anticipated ground movement will not impair building stability, considering vegetation and nearby trees. The foundation underside depth on clay soils should not be less than 750 mm from finished ground level, with possible increases to transfer loads to suitable ground.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},650174,1792880403,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},2336477982702,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","TECHNICAL MANUAL  \nVERSION 10  \n3: FOUNDATIONS  \n3.  \nFoundations  \nContents  \nFunctional Requirements  \n3.1 Mass Fill  \n3.2 Strip  \n3.3 Piles  \n3.4 Raft  \n3.5 Engineered Fill  \n3.6 Vibratory Ground Improvement  \n3.7 Trees and Clay  \nWorkmanship  \n1. Ground improvement schemes should be appropriately tested to confirm that the completed works meet design specifications. The testing regime must be agreed with the Warranty Surveyor prior to commencement of work (applicable to: ‘Engineered Fill’and Vibratory Ground Improvement’ only) .  \n2. The developer shall ensure that adequate quality control procedures are in place. The quality control and testing must identify that site work meets the design intention. All procedures should be auditable and available for inspection (applicable to: ‘Engineered Fill’and ‘Vibratory Ground Improvement’ only) .  \n3. Foundations should be of a suitable depth in order to achieve a satisfactory level of performance.  \n4. Excavations for foundations shall be accurate in line, width and depth, and suitable for the type of foundation which form the basis of the design.  \nMaterials  \nNo additional requirements.  \nDesign  \n1. Site Investigation by an appropriately qualified person should be supplied and provide the following information (applicable to: ‘Engineered Fill’and ‘Vibratory Ground Improvement’ only):  \na. Depth of original soil types below the structure.  \nb. Details of any filled ground and its suitability to accept ground improvements techniques.  \nc. Gas generation or spontaneous combustion from ground conditions.  \nThe investigation must be endorsed by the Specialist Foundations Contractor.  \n2. The ground improvement works must meet the Building Regulations (applicable to ‘Engineered Fill’and‘Vibratory Ground Improvement’ only) .  \n3. Foundation type and depth must be suitable to resist movement due to the influence of nearby trees.  \n4. Piled foundation designs must be supported by structural calculations provided by a suitably qualified expert. Calculations for full piling systems must be provided by, or endorsed by, the piling manufacturer.  \n5. Raft foundation designs must be supported by structural calculations provided by a suitably qualified expert.  \n6. Foundation design must meet the requirements of Building Regulations  \n© MD Insurance Services Limited 2021 30 FOUNDATIONS  \n3.  \nFoundations  \n3.1  \nMass Fill  \n 3.1.1  MASS FILL: Foundation depths  \nLimitations of guidance  \nThe following situations are not covered by this guidance:  \n• Mass filled foundations for buildings other than dwellings.  \n• Buildings greater than three storeys.  \n• Foundations on filled ground.  \n• Mass fill foundations where foundation depths exceed 2.5m.  \nDesign  \nMass filled foundations shall be designed to ensure that the building is appropriately supported at all times without excessive settlement. This foundation type should only bear onto original ground if the foundation has been designed by a Structural Engineer and is appropriately reinforced. It is therefore important that site conditions are appropriately assessed prior to the building design. Please see the ‘Ground Conditions’ section.  \nFor ‘low rise structures’, the foundations should be designed to ensure a maximum settlement of 25mm is not exceeded.  \nIn relation to differential settlements, a design limit for maximum tilt of 1/500 is appropriate. More stringent values may be required due to the particular circumstances (e.g. medium and high rise structures) .  \nFoundations: Trees and Clay  \nFoundation design should take into account influence from nearby trees. Where construction is to take place in cohesive soils and trees are/were/will be present:  \n• If the foundation depth is greater than 1.5m, heave protection will be required.  \n• Where foundation depths exceed 2m, short bored piles with ground beams are recommended. All pile designs should be undertaken by a Chartered structural engineer.  \n• Foundation depths required to exceed","cbCaieiCalfcHNki","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieiCalfcHNki","pdf",3365883,32,"English","# Contents\n## 3.1 Mass Fill\n## Workmanship\n## Materials\n## Design\n## Foundations: Trees and Clay","[{\"question\":\"What testing and quality control requirements must be agreed before starting foundation work?\",\"answer\":\"Ground improvement schemes should be appropriately tested to confirm the completed works meet design specifications. The testing regime must be agreed with the Warranty Surveyor before commencement, and quality control procedures must be in place to verify that site work meets design intention and remains auditable for inspection.\"},{\"question\":\"What design limits apply for low-rise buildings under mass filled foundations?\",\"answer\":\"For low-rise structures, the foundations should be designed so that maximum settlement does not exceed 25 mm. Differential settlements should use an appropriate design limit for maximum tilt of 1/500, with stricter values potentially required depending on circumstances.\"},{\"question\":\"How does clay soil with plasticity index affect foundation depth under tree influence?\",\"answer\":\"In clay soils with plasticity index ≥ 10%, foundations should be taken to a depth where anticipated ground movement will not impair building stability, considering vegetation and nearby trees. The foundation underside depth on clay soils should not be less than 750 mm from finished ground level, with possible increases to transfer loads to suitable ground.\"}]","3 - Foundations - 3.1 Mass Fill - Design requirements | PDF",1792820670,81]