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The set also covers co-ownership and redemption, loan novation via promissory notes, liability for borrowed vehicles and negligence, paternity and status of a child after annulment, adoption and estate settlement, and co-debtor liabilities under promissory notes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/2025-bar-examinations-civil-law-september-10-2025/320246/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/2025-bar-examinations-civil-law-september-10-2025/320246.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mason","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-05","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",15,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"When a lessee’s lessor dies and leaves a sole heir, can the heir demand the tenant vacate despite the lease’s remaining term?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The problem focuses on whether the heir is bound by the lease and whether the tenant’s right to remain depends on the lease term after the lessor’s death. The answer requires analyzing privity and the effect of lease contracts on heirs.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Is a sale valid when the buyer relies on a person’s possession of the property title as proof of authority to sell?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Validity depends on whether the seller had authority, whether the buyer’s reliance was legally sufficient, and the effect of representations made by an agent or purported agent. The question requires reasoning on agency authority and apparent authority.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"After an annulment decree based on a finding that the husband is not the child’s biological father, what is the child’s legal status?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The question asks whether the child becomes legitimate, legitimated, or illegitimate after annulment. 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Unfortunately, A figured in an accident and perished, leaving his son, C, as his sole heir. Subsequently, C demanded that B vacate the premises by noon of the following day. B refused, showing C the duly executed lease agreement between her and A. B claimed that she has a right to remain in the unit since the term of the lease was yet to expire. C countered that he had nothing to do with the lease contract as it was executed between his father and B and therefore does not bind him. Is C correct? Reason(s).  \n2.  \nIn a desperate attempt to dispose of her assets, X, a fugitive from justice, called her friend, Y, instructing him to sell her house and lot located at Forbes Park to the first interested buyer for not less than PHP 250 million. Y offered the property for sale to his boss, Z. Enticed by the offer, Z asked Y for a copy of the title and proof of Y’s authority to sell the property. Y presented the title of the property, claiming that his possession of the title was sufficient proof of his authority to sell the property. Relying on the representation of Y, Z bought the property from Y, the agent of X. Is the sale valid? Reason(s).  \n3.  \nThe government owned a 12-hectare land in Cavite classified as forest land. Informal settlers built shanty houses on the land since it was flat and there were no trees planted thereon. In 2023, the government decided to plant Narra trees on the land and demanded that the informal settlers vacate the same. A, owner of one of the shanty houses, refused, claiming that he already owned the portion of the property he was occupying by virtue of acquisitive prescription. Is the claim of A meritorious? Decide with reason(s).  \n4.  \nA, a member of a popular boy band in the Philippines, got his girlfriend, B, pregnant. A and B got married in Hong Kong where the legal age to get married was at least 15 years old. At the time of their marriage, A and B were 17 and 16 years old, respectively, and were both Filipino citizens. Subsequently, A continued with his career while B hid her pregnancy in the United States of America. She only returned to the Philippines after she gave birth to their son. By then though, B was already tired of being A’s deep dark secret. She thus filed a petition for declaration of nullity of marriage on the ground that her marriage with A is void. Will the petition prosper? Reason(s).  \n5.  \nA, B, and C are co-owners of a three-hectare agricultural land with a fair market value of PHP 9 million or PHP 3 million per hectare. A offered to sell his share to Band C for a total amount of PHP 10 million. B and C declined the offer and asked Ato reduce the purchase price to PHP 3 million, the prevailing fair market value of the land per hectare. A refused and instead sold his one-hectare share to X for PHP 10 million. May B and C go to court for the reduction of the purchase price so they can exercise their right of legal redemption? Reason(s).  \n6.  \nA borrowed money from B in the amount of PHP 100,000.00 . C, a good friend of A, issued a promissory note in favor of B, binding herselfto pay the loan of A on its due date. Was there a novation of the loan agreement between A and B? Reason(s).  \n7.  \nA, upon request, lent his white van to his friend, B, to drive his wife C from Tarlac to XYZ Medical Center in BGC for treatment. On his way back to Tarlac and after leaving C at the hospital, people flagged the white van, thinking it was a UV Express for hire. B stopped and allowed the people to board and collected payment from them as if the van was a UV Express plying its route. As B was driving along the provincial road, a flash flood wrecked the white van. Is B liable to A for the loss of the white van? Reason(s).  \n8.  \nA and B w","cbCaioXQxEbPNg7L","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioXQxEbPNg7L","pdf",258390,"English","# Questions\n## Property and Ownership\n## Contracts and Obligations\n## Family Law\n## Succession and Liability","[{\"question\":\"When a lessee’s lessor dies and leaves a sole heir, can the heir demand the tenant vacate despite the lease’s remaining term?\",\"answer\":\"The problem focuses on whether the heir is bound by the lease and whether the tenant’s right to remain depends on the lease term after the lessor’s death. The answer requires analyzing privity and the effect of lease contracts on heirs.\"},{\"question\":\"Is a sale valid when the buyer relies on a person’s possession of the property title as proof of authority to sell?\",\"answer\":\"Validity depends on whether the seller had authority, whether the buyer’s reliance was legally sufficient, and the effect of representations made by an agent or purported agent. The question requires reasoning on agency authority and apparent authority.\"},{\"question\":\"After an annulment decree based on a finding that the husband is not the child’s biological father, what is the child’s legal status?\",\"answer\":\"The question asks whether the child becomes legitimate, legitimated, or illegitimate after annulment. The answer requires applying rules on legitimacy and the effects of annulment on marital status and paternity.\"}]","2025 BAR EXAMINATIONS - CIVIL LAW - September 10, 2025 | PDF",1789949483]