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Version 4.66. [http://www.highcroft.com/highcroft/sql_intro.pdf](http://www.highcroft.com/highcroft/sql_intro.pdf)  \nIntroduction to Structured Query Language  \nVersion 4.66  \nCopyright 1996-2001, James Hoffman  \n[j](jhoffman@one.net)[hoffman@one.net](jhoffman@one.net)  \nIntroduction to Structured Query Language  \nVersion 4.66  \nThis page is a introductory tutorial of the Structured Query Language (also known as SQL) and is a pioneering effort on the World Wide Web, as this is the first comprehensive SQL tutorial available on the Internet. SQL allows users to access data in relational database management systems, such as Oracle, Sybase, Informix, Microsoft SQL Server, Access, and others, by allowing users to describe the data the user wishes to see. SQL also allows users to define the data in a database, and manipulate that data. This page will describe how to use SQL, and give examples. The SQL used in this document is \"ANSI\", or standard SQL, and no SQL features of specific database management systems will be discussed until the \"Nonstandard SQL\" section. It is recommended that you print this page, so that you can easily refer back to previous examples.  \nAlso, you may be interested in joining the new SQL Club on Yahoo! , where you can read or enter messages ina SQL forum.  \nTable of Contents  \nBasics ofthe SELECT Statement  \nConditional Selection  \nRelational Operators  \nCompound Conditions  \nIN & BETWEEN  \nUsing LIKE  \nJoins  \nKeys  \nPerforming a Join  \nEliminating Duplicates  \nAliases & In/Subqueries  \nAggregate Functions  \nViews  \nCreating New Tables  \nAltering Tables  \nAdding Data  \nDeleting Data  \nUpdating Data  \nIndexes  \nGROUP BY & HAVING  \nMore Subqueries  \nEXISTS & ALL  \nUNION & Outer Joins  \nEmbedded SQL  \n[http://w3.one.net/](http://w3.one.net/)~jhoffman/sqltut.htm Page 1  \nSQL Tutorial 04/07/2001  \nCommon SQL Questions  \nNonstandard SQL  \nSyntax Summary  \nExercises  \nImportant Links  \nBasics ofthe SELECT Statement  \nIn a relational database, data is stored in tables. An example table would relate Social Security Number, Name, and Address:  \n\n| EmployeeAddressTable |  |  |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| SSN | FirstName | LastName | Address | City | State |\n| 512687458 | Joe | Smith | 83 First Street | Howard | Ohio |\n| 758420012 | Mary | Scott | 842 Vine Ave. | Losantiville | Ohio |\n| 102254896 | Sam | Jones | 33 Elm St. | Paris | New York |\n| 876512563 | Sarah | Ackerman | 440 U. S. 110 | Upton | Michigan |\n\nNow, let's say you want to see the address of each employee. Use the SELECT statement, like so:  \nSELECT FirstName, LastName, Address, City, State  \nFROM EmployeeAddressTable;  \nThe following is the results of your query of the database:  \n\n| First Name | Last Name | Address | City | State |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Joe | Smith | 83 First Street | Howard | Ohio |\n| Mary | Scott | 842 Vine Ave. | Losantiville | Ohio |\n| Sam | Jones | 33 Elm St. | Paris | New York |\n| Sarah | Ackerman | 440 U. S. 110 | Upton | Michigan |\n\nTo explain what you just did, you asked for the all of data in the EmployeeAddressTable, and specifically, you asked for the columns called FirstName, LastName, Address, City, and State. Note that column names and table names do not have spaces...they must be typed as one word; and that the statement ends with a semicolon (;). The general form for a SELECT statement, retrieving all of the rows in the table is:  \nSELECT ColumnName, ColumnName, ...  \nFROM TableName;  \nTo get all columns ofa table without typing all column names, use:  \nSELECT * FROM TableName;  \nEach database management system (DBMS) and database software has different methods for logging in to the  \n[http://w3.one.net/](http://w3.one.net/)~jhoffman/sqltut.htm Page 2  \nSQL Tutorial 04/07/2001  \ndatabase and entering SQL commands; see the local computer \"guru\" to help you get onto the system, so that you can use SQL.  \nConditional Selecti","cbCairvZgvQNuN78","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairvZgvQNuN78","pdf",103769,34,"English","# Introduction to Structured Query Language\n## Basics of the SELECT Statement\n## Conditional Selection\n## Relational Operators\n## Compound Conditions\n## IN & BETWEEN\n## Using LIKE\n## Joins\n## Keys\n## Performing a Join\n## Eliminating Duplicates\n## Aliases & In/Subqueries\n## Aggregate Functions\n## Views\n## Creating New Tables\n## Altering Tables\n## Adding Data\n## Deleting Data\n## Updating Data\n## Indexes\n## GROUP BY & HAVING\n## More Subqueries\n## EXISTS & ALL\n## UNION & Outer Joins\n## Embedded SQL\n## Common SQL Questions\n## Nonstandard SQL\n## Syntax Summary\n## Exercises\n## Important Links","[{\"question\":\"What is SQL in this tutorial, and why is it used?\",\"answer\":\"SQL is the Structured Query Language used to access and manipulate data in relational database management systems. It lets users describe the data they want to see and define or change data in a database.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the tutorial use the SELECT statement to retrieve data?\",\"answer\":\"It shows SELECT for returning specific columns from a table (e.g., selecting FirstName, LastName, Address, City, State). It also demonstrates SELECT * FROM TableName to retrieve all columns.\"},{\"question\":\"How does WHERE work with relational operators in SQL examples here?\",\"answer\":\"The tutorial explains that WHERE filters rows based on conditions evaluated as true or false. It gives examples using operators like \\u003e= for numeric criteria and = with quoted strings (e.g., POSITION = 'Manager').\"}]","01-HoffmanSQL - Introduction to Structured Query Language - Version 4.66 | PDF",1792966698,86]